Ama-rabiya yisifo esiyingozi esibangelwa amagciwane avela emndenini wama-rhabdoviruses. Imithombo yokutheleleka kubantu yizilwane zasendle nezifuywayo, okuyinhloko zazo: amakati, izinja, izilwane zasemapulazini, izimpungushe, izimpisi, amagundane, amantombazane, ama-badgers, njll. Amagciwane avela ezilwaneni ezigulayo adluliselwa ngamathe ngesikhathi sokuluma, isikhumba esinegciwane lesikhumba esonakele.
Iyini i-rabies?
Ngemuva kokungena emzimbeni, ama-virus we-rabies angena ohlelweni oluyisisekelo senzwa ngokusebenzisa amathanga enzwa, asakaze eminye imizwa yangaphakathi, angene ezingxenyeni ezihlukahlukene zangaphakathi, okwenza ushintsho oluvuthayo, olune-dystrophic kanye ne-necrotic emavikini. Ukungahambi kahle kwalesi sifo, okusongela umphumela obulalayo, kubangelwa ukuthi awuzibonakali ngokwayo ngokushesha, futhi uma izibonakaliso zokuqala zivela, ukwelashwa akusizi ngalutho. Ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi yikuphi isikhathi sokufakelwa kwe-rabies kumuntu emva kokutheleleka ngaphambi kokuvela kwezimpawu zokuqala.
Isikhathi sokugxilwa kwama-rabies kubantu
Ubude besikhathi sokukhushulwa kokutheleleka akufani nhlobo ezimweni ezahlukene futhi kuxhomeke ezinkambweni eziningi: indawo yokuluma, inani le-pathogen engene enxebeni, iminyaka kanye nesimo sokuzivikela komuntu, njll Izindawo eziyingozi kakhulu zokuluma, lapho lesi sifo siphuthuma khona, ngakho-ke isikhathi sokukhushulwa ihlala kancane, yilezi: ikhanda, izandla, izitho zangasese (ngoba lezi zindawo zicebile ekupheleni kwezinzwa). Uma ukutheleleka kwenzeka emaphethelweni aphansi, isikhathi sokutshala isikhathi sisele.
Ezimweni eziningi, isikhathi ngaphambi kokubonakala kwesithombeni sesifo sesifo sithatha izinsuku ezingu-10 kuya ezinyangeni ezingu-3-4. Ngokuvamile ihlala ezinyangeni ezingu-4 kuya kwezi-6. Umuthi nezinkathi zokufakelwa isikhathi eside ziyaziwa ngama-rabies omuntu, okuphezulu okubekwe kuwo yiminyaka engu-6.
Izimpawu ze-rabies kubantu
Isithombe esivamile sokwemvelo sifaka izimpawu ezilandelayo:
- ukuphakama okuncane kokushisa komzimba (ngokuvamile kuya ku-37.3 ° C);
- ubuhlungu kusayithi lokutheleleka;
- ukuphazamiseka kokulala;
- ikhanda ;
- ukukhathazeka;
- ukucindezelwa;
- ukuphazamiseka kokugaya ukudla;
- ukuzwela okwenziwe ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene (ukukhanya okukhulu, umsindo ozwakalayo, njll);
- ukujuluka okukhulu;
- ukuhlukunyezwa;
- i-hydrophobia;
- izindlu;
- ukuxubha ;
- izifo ezikhubazekayo.