Okudingekayo ukutshala izitshalo ukukhanya okwanele. Kodwa kubaluleke ngani kubamele befrimu?
Ukubaluleka kokukhanya kwezimila
Ukukhanya kubandakanyeka ku-photosynthesis. Kule nqubo, ngenxa yokuphendula kwe-photochemical emanzini nasekhabhoni dioxide ekukhanyeni nokubamba iqhaza kwe-chlorophyll, izinto eziphilayo zakhiwa. Bavumela isitshalo sikhule, bese siqhakaza futhi sinikeza izithelo.
Yikuphi ukukhanya okungcono kwezitshalo?
Ezitshalweni ezahlukene, izidingo zokukhanya zihlukile, okuchazwa yizimo zokuqala nemvelo ezweni lakubo. Ngokusekelwe kohlobo lwezitshalo ezikhanyayo ezidinga, abameleli bemfuyo bahlukaniswa ngokuthi:
- isithunzi-ukubekezela;
- i-photophilous;
- izitshalo zokukhanya okulinganiselayo.
Yiqiniso, ezinye izitshalo zinokukhanya okwanele kwemvelo kokukhanya okuphakathi. Kodwa zikhona izindlu zendlu, ezingenakuzithoba ukukhanya:
- amafern ;
- ivy;
- i-aglaonema;
- i-dracaena;
- i-arrowroot;
- ficus ezinwabuzelayo;
- philodendron ;
- i-cyclomen yaseYurophu.
Amakamelo amaningi "izakhamuzi" zivela ezifundeni ezimile, lapho usuku lokukhanya luhlala khona amahora angaba ngu-16, ngakho-ke badinga ukukhanyisa okufakelwayo. Izibani zombane zisetshenziselwa ukukhanya okungeziwe ezitshalweni zasendlini. Kodwa ukukhanya akuyona into efanelwe, njengoba imisebe yayo inezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-wavelengths. Kodwa ukukhanya okukhethiwe kahle kwezitshalo kubalulekile futhi: kuyasiza emisebeni ebomvu, e-orange, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka neyomsindo. Ake sicabangele okungafani kokukhanyisa okufakelwayo okuqhubekayo okuvela ku-spectrum elula:
- Izibani ze-incandescent ziveza imisebe ebomvu-ephuzi, ayinembile futhi ayikho emthethweni.
- Izibani ze-fluorescent zitholakala ngezihumusho ezahlukene ze-spectrum: ezibomvu ne-blue. Zisebenza kahle, ezomnotho futhi zithembekile.
- Izibani ze-metal halide zisebenza ku-spectrum eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
- Izibani ze-gesi-discharge (arc), ezisebenza ngomoya we-sodium noma i-metal halide gas, zisebenza kahle, zinamandla futhi zinobucayi, zinezinto ezihlukahlukene zokukhanyisa.
- Izibani ze-Mercury ziveza i-violet ne-blue spectrum.
- Izibani ze-sodium eziphakeme kakhulu ziphumelela kakhulu, ziveza ukukhanya okuphuzi.
- Izibani ze-LED zizuzisa ngokwezomnotho.