Isifundo esivamile kakhulu esingathola izimbangela zezimpawu ezifana nokushisa komzimba okuphezulu, ubuthakathaka, isizungu, ukukhomba izifo zezingaphakathi zangaphakathi nezinhlelo, ukuhlolwa kwegazi emtholampilo. Njengomthetho, ukhethwa ekutholeni kokuqala kwe-therapist, ikakhulukazi uma izimpawu zezifo ezitholakalayo zingakhulumi ngokwanele ukuze zihlungwe kahle.
Ukuhlolwa kwegazi lomtholampilo kubonisani?
Ngenxa yendlela echazwe ngayo yophenyo, kungenzeka ukukhomba:
- ukuphazanyiswa kombuso wezindonga zamasongo;
- inkambo yezinqubo zokuvuvukala;
- i-anemia;
- helminthic invasions;
- i-neoplasms eyingozi;
- ukugula kwemisebe;
- izifo ezithathelwanayo nezinye izifo.
Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi unqume imingcele (eyisisekelo) yokuhlolwa kwegazi lomtholampilo:
- Ama-leukocyte amhlophe amangqamuzana egazi, anesibopho sokuvikeleka kwamagciwane, ukuqashelwa, ukungathathi i-neutralization kanye nokuqedwa kwama-microorganisms namaseli we-pathogenic.
- Ama-erythrocyte - amangqamuzana egazi abomvu, adingekayo ekuthuthweni kwe-oxygen ne-carbon dioxide.
- I-Hemoglobin yi-pigment of erythrocytes, enikeza izakhiwo ezichazwe ngenhla.
- Inkomba yombala yegazi yi-value ebonisa ukuthi ingakanani uketshezi lwezinto eziphilayo ezisevivinini elibomvu zegazi.
- Hematocrit - isilinganiso samaphesenti ama-erythrocyte ne-plasma.
- Ama-reticulocyte amafomu omncane (ama-young) ama-erythrocyte, abandulele.
- Amaplateletlets - amaplatelete egazi, aphethwe yizinqubo zokugaya igazi.
- Ama-lymphocyte - amaseli omzimba omzimba, alwe nama-causative agents of infections.
- I-ESR yisilinganiso se-erythrocyte sedimentation, isibonakaliso semibandela yokugula emzimbeni.
Ngaphezu kwale migomo, ukuhlolwa kwegazi okujwayelekile noma okwandisiwe kwegazi kungabandakanya ezinye izinto zokucwaninga:
Izilinganiso ze-Erythrocyte:
- ivolumu evamile ye-erythrocyte eyodwa;
- ububanzi bokusabalalisa ama-erythrocyte;
- okuqukethwe okuphakathi kwe-hemoglobin ku-erythrocyte ngayinye;
- i-coefficient yama-erythrocyte amakhulu;
- ukuhlushwa kwesilinganiso se-hemoglobin kuwo wonke ubukhulu be-erythrocyte.
Ama-indices kaLeukocyte:
- isihlobo nokuqukethwe okuphelele kwenhlanganisela yama- basophili , ama-monocytes nama-eosinophils;
- isihlobo nokuqukethwe okuphelele kwezingxenye ezingenhla ngokwehlukana;
- isihlobo nokuqukethwe okuphelele kwe-neutrophils;
- isihlobo nokuqukethwe okuphelele kwama-granulocytes;
- isihlobo nokuqukethwe okuphelele kwama-lymphocyte atypical.
3. Izilinganiso ze-thrombocyte:
- i-heterogeneity (ububanzi bokusabalalisa);
- i-thrombocrit;
- ivolumu evamile yeplatelet eyodwa.
Ukuhlolwa kwegazi emitholampilo kunikezwa ngesisu esingenalutho noma cha?
Naphezu kokuthi ukuqeqeshwa okukhethekile akudingeki ukwenza isifundo esibucayi, kuphakanyiswa ukukwenza ngesisu esingenalutho. Odokotela batusa ukuthatha impahla yezinto eziphilayo ngaphambi kwamahora angu-8 emva kokudla.
Kumele uqaphele ukuthi ngezinye izikhathi ukuhlaziywa kwempilo kwegazi kusuka emthanjeni. Ezimweni ezinjalo akudingeki ukuthi ungadli nje kuphela ngaphambi kokuba uye esibhedlela, kodwa ungaphuzi. Ingilazi yamanzi ajwayelekile inganciphisa ukwazisa nokuqonda kwesifundo.
Imigomo yemiphumela yokuhlolwa kwegazi emtholampilo
Izindinganiso zokubhekisela zezinkomba ezinkulu ezichazwe zilandelayo:
- i-leukocyte - 4,5-11,000 / mkl;
- I-erythrocyte - 3.8-5.1 million / μL;
- i-hemoglobin - 11,7-15,5 g / dl;
- Inkomba yegazi - 27-31 pg;
- i-hematocrit - 35-45%;
- ama-reticulocytes - 180-320 amawaka / μl;
- amaplatelets - 150-400 izinkulungwane / mkl;
- i-lymphocytes - 19-37%;
- ESR - 0-15 mm / h.
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi imigomo emisiwe ingase ihluke kuye ngokuthi ubudala nobulili bomuntu, kanye nokunemba kwemishini esetshenziselwa laboratory.