Imibhangqwana yomndeni ethatha isinqumo sokuthola inzalo ngokuvamile ayicabangi ngokuhambisana kwamaqembu egazi ekukhulelwe, ikakhulukazi uma emva kokuzikhandla bathola imiphumela emihle. Futhi kuphela lapho kwenzeka ukuhluleka njalo, yisikhathi sokucabanga ngezizathu. Enye yokuhluleka okunjalo ukungahambisani nabalingani ekukhulelweni. Ukungavumelani kwabashadile eqenjini legazi futhi i-Rh factor ingumqondo ongekho, ngoba kunoma iyiphi inhlanganisela yokukhulelwa kungenzeka. Enye into ukuthi ukuhlanganiswa kwamaqembu ahlukene wegazi kanye ne-rhesus kungabangela inkinga yokukhulelwa.
Ukuhambisana kwegazi lokukhulelwe
Izingxenye eziyinhloko zegazi ezithinta inkambo yokukhulelwa yiqembu legazi kanye neR Rh factor (Rh). Ukuhambisana kahle kwegazi ekukhulelweni kwengane - amaqembu egazi afanayo kanye ne-Rh izici zombili zomshado, kodwa lokhu akuvamile. Into eyingozi kakhulu enganeni engakazalwa ingavumelani ne-Rh factor ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
I-Rh factor iphrotheni (i-antigen) ephezulu ebomvu legazi elibomvu (i-erythrocyte), futhi abantu abane-antigen babizwa ngokuthi i-Rh-positive, futhi abanalo i-Rh. Uma unina une-Rh engalungile kanye nombungu obangelwayo uzuze iRhesus enhle, umzimba womama uzoqala ukukhiqiza ama-antibodies ngokumelene nama-erythrocytes embryo (ama-erythrocytes of the fetus angena kalula emzimbeni kamama ngokusebenzisa umgoqo ophansi).
Ukungavumelani okunjalo phakathi komama nengane kungabangela ukukhulelwa kwesisu esikhathini sokuqala, ukufa kwe-intrauterine fetal esikhathini esizayo noma ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo se-hemolytic yengane esanda kuzalwa. Ezifweni ze-hemolytic, i-erythrocyte ye-fetus ibhujiswa, i-anemia iyabonakala, isibindi sanda futhi izinga le-bilirubin egazini legazi liyakhula.
Ukungahambisani kwamaqembu egazi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kungavamile kakhulu futhi kubonakala njengesifo se-hemolytic senana encane.
Indlela yokuhola ukukhulelwa okungahambisani neqembu legazi ne-Rh factor?
Uma owesifazane ongena-Rh ehlela ukukhulelwa, kufanele ahlole izinga lama-antibodies egazini e-Rh factor. Ngemuva kokuqala kokukhulelwa, kusukela emavikini angu-7 njalo ngenyanga kufanele uhlole izinga le-antibodies egazini ngaphambi kokuba liphele. Ngemuva kokubeletha, kungakapheli amahora angu-72, kuyadingeka ukwethula i-immunoglobulin ephikisayo, okuvimbela ukwakheka kwama-antibodies emzimbeni womama lapho igazi le-fetus lijozwa ngesikhathi sokubeletha.
Ukuhambisana kwabalingani bokubeletha
Isizathu sokungahambelani kwabalingani singanqunywa ngokuhlolwa kokuhambisana kokukhulelwa, okubizwa ngokuthi ukuhlolwa kwe-postcoital. Lokhu kuhlolwa kwenziwa esigabeni sokuvuthwa, ngokuhambisana nezidingo ezilandelayo:
- kubalulekile izinsuku ezingu-3 ukugwema umsebenzi wezocansi;
- Ngaphambi kokuba isenzo socansi senze izinqubo zokuhlanzeka, futhi ngaphambi kokuya kudokotela hhayi kwiphilisi;
- Ungaphumi embhedeni emva kokulala ngokocansi imizuzu engama-30, ubeka umqubu wesikhumba ukuze ugweme ukulahlekelwa umkhuhlane wamanzi;
- ku-gynecologist akufanele eze ngaphambi kwamahora angu-6 futhi kungakapheli amahora angu-12 ngemuva kocansi.
Ukuze unqume ukuhambisana kwabalingani bokubeletha, thatha isampula emgqonyeni wesibeletho, usebenzise phakathi kwama-slides amabili bese uhlola ngaphansi kwe-microscope. Hlola ukuvumelana kwe-mucus, i-crystallization, i-extensibility kanye ne-pH yephakathi.
Ukulinganisa kwe-motility ye-spermatozoa ngezinga kusuka ku- "A" kuya ku- "G" kwenziwa:
- izinga "A" lihambisana nokuhamba okuhle okuqhubekayo;
- ukuhamba kwezinga "B" ukuhamba kancane, okungajwayelekile futhi okungajwayelekile;
- degree "B" ukuhamba okungenzi okuqhubekayo;
- i-degree "G" i-spermatozoa ayinembile.
Ukuhambisana kwabalingani bokubeletha akusekho ngezinga le-motility ye-spermatozoa "B" ne "G"; obunzima, obunamahloni, obunamakhemikhali obuketshezi bomlomo wesibeletho ngomuntu omuncu we-medium.
Uma imizamo engaphumelelanga yokukhulelwa ungaphelelwa ithemba, ngoba imithi yesimanje inesidingo esikhulu sokusiza imibhangqwana engenamntwana. Izindlela ezifana ne-intrauterine insemination noma i-in vitro fertilization zizosiza imindeni engapheli ukuxazulula inkinga engavumelani ekukhulelweni kwengane futhi ithole umntwana osalinde isikhathi eside.