Impikiswano mayelana nokuthi kwakunezikhukhula zeBhayibheli empeleni noma cha engazange ihlale iminyaka eminingi. Izifundo eziningi ziye zavumela ososayensi ukuba banikeze amaqiniso amaningi angaba ubufakazi bokuthi lesi senzakalo senzekile.
Enye yezinganekwane ezidume kakhulu zeBhayibheli zitshela ngoZamcolo womhlaba, okusolakala ukuthi uhlanza umhlaba wabantu abanesono. Ngesikhathi esifanayo kunezimpikiswano ezikholelwa ukuthi lokhu konke kuyi-invention, futhi akukho lutho lwalokhu olwenzekile. Muva nje, ososayensi bamangala umphakathi, bethi babethole ubufakazi bokuzamazama komhlaba weBhayibheli.
1. Amadolobha angaphansi kwamanzi angaqondakali
Nakuba ulwandle lomhlaba lingakaqaliwe ngokugcwele, futhi ngisho ngisho nengxenye, amadolobha amaningi angaphansi kwamanzi nezinsalela zawo sezivele zitholakale. Ngokuthakazelisayo, iminyaka yabo ihambisana nesikhathi sokukhukhula. Isibonelo yidolobha elingaphansi kwamanzi lase-Yonaguni, eliseceleni kwe-Okinawa. Kunezinkolelo zasendulo ezitshela ngomuzi ongaphansi kwamanzi, osesendaweni efanayo. Ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi lezi zakhiwo zazikhukhula ngenxa yezikhukhula.
Inombolo efanelekayo yabantu
Enye ingxabano, esetshenziswe njengobufakazi, ikhombisa ukuthi uma kungekho sikhukhula, okwakungabonakali kahle abantu baseMhlabeni, khona-ke namuhla kuzokwandisa kakhulu inani labantu abahlala emhlabeni, kanye nenani elikhulu lamathuna. Okwamanje, inani labantu lihambisane nalesi simo: lapho abantu bePlanethi yezwe behliselwa abantu abayi-8.
3. Indaba efanayo
Ukuhlaziywa kwemibhalo yasendulo kubonise ukuthi cishe zonke izinkambiso zinezinkolelo ezikhuluma ngomkhukula omkhulu okwenzekile esikhathini esidlule. Iqiniso lokuthi izindaba ziyafana ngokuningiliziwe, ngisho nakulezo zinkambiso ezingakaze zithintane, kuyamangalisa.
4. Izilwane ezazifuna ukubaleka
Ososayensi emhlabeni wonke emazweni ahlukene aphakeme ezintabeni bathola inqwaba yamathambo ezilwane ngendlela engavamile ukuthi, ngokusobala, bekhuphuke ezintabeni ukuze bazisindise emanzini athuthukayo.
5. Isakhiwo sokuqala sethempeli esakhiwe
Lolu lwazi alukwazi ukubhekwa njengokwethenjelwa, kodwa lokhu kuthandwa kakhulu: kukhona inguqulo eyakhiwe yi-Göbekli-Tepe eyakhiwe kuqala emva kukaZamcolo. Emadongeni amathempeli anemlando eyizinkulungwane ezingu-12, ubufakazi bukhona bokutholakala kokunisela nokulima.
6. Isiqinisekiso esivela e-China
Ubufakazi obusithakazelisayo bukaZamcolo buhlotshaniswa nolimi lwesiShayina. Kukhona ama-hieroglyphs kuwo, anesixhumanisi nencwadi kaGenesise. Ngokwesibonelo, igama elithi "umkhumbi" lenziwa ngama-hieroglyphs, okusho amagama anjalo: isikebhe, ayisishiyagalombili, umlomo. Lokhu kungabhekwa, njengemilomo eyisishiyagalombili - abantu abayisishiyagalombili abasinda emkhunjini.
7. Umphongolo kaNowa
Ngokusho kwemibhalo yasendulo, umkhumbi ngemva kukaZamcolo usufikile emhlabeni ensimini yeTurkey yanamuhla. Kuleli phuzu elibhekene neNtaba i-Ararat, uDavid Allen wathola izinsalela ayezithathele imininingwane yoMphongolo KaNowa. Ngokuthakazelisayo, ubukhulu buhambisana nalabo abachazwe emibhalweni yasendulo. Phakathi kwendawo lapho kutholakala khona ukutholakala, kuthiwa yiNukosu - "uSion uNowa." Ngendlela, imfundo yabonakala kuphela ekupheleni kuka-1940, emva kokuzamazama komhlaba.
8. Uhlu oluyingqayizivele lwamakhosi aseSumeriya
Ngesikhathi sokuthungwa kwe-Sumer yasendulo itholakala ukuthi yi-relic, ebizwa ngokuthi "Uhlu lwamakhosi aseSomeria." Ubala ababusi ababengumongameli wezwe ngaphambi kokukhukhula, futhi, ngokuthakazelisayo, babusa iminyaka emakhulu. Kwakukhona inguqulo yokuthi ngalezo zinsuku ababusi baphila isikhathi eside kunabantu banamuhla. Ngemva kukaZamcolo izikhathi zokubusa zaba nempumelelo. Kukhona ososayensi abakholelwa ukuthi uZamcolo waholela ekushintsheni okukhulu: kwaze kwaba nethonya lokuphila kwabantu.
9. Ukucwaningwa kokuhlala kukaNowa
Kukholelwa ukuthi uNowa omkhulu wayehlala phakathi kweBabiloni ne-Uri. Iqembu lamapulangwe aphansi atholakala lapha, avuliwe ngo-1931. Ososayensi banqume ukuthi ngaphansi kwabo kukhona amanxiwa emizi emithathu: engenhla ibhekisela esikhathini sobukhosi besithathu sase-Uri, ophakathi nendawo idolobha laseSomeriya lasendulo, kanti eliphansi liyisigodi esiphezulu. Isendlalelo esisikhathi sesikhukhula sitholakala phakathi kwedolobha eliphakathi nelingaphansi, futhi liqukethe udaka oluphuzi, inhlanganisela yesihlabathi nodaka, okwakungenakuqhathaniswa nhlobo. Ayikho imingcele yentuthuko yabantu lapha.
10. Ukuba khona kwamaziko olwandle emhlabathini
Ngo-2004, ezifundeni zasezintabeni zaseMadagascar, izakhiwo ezikhethekile zomgwaqo, isici esisodwa sezilwandle, zatholakala emhlabeni. Zakhiwe ngenxa yomsebenzi wamanzi, isibonelo, i-tsunami. Abacwaningi bama-Ecoarchist baye bahlola ngokucophelela indawo eseduze kwaseMadagascar. Baphetha ngokuthi izakhiwo ezibunjiwe zivela ngenxa yezikhukhula ezinkulu. Kwacatshangwa ukuthi imbangela yayo yinkampani ephazamisayo ngaphansi kwe-Indian Ocean, eyakhiwa ngenxa yokuwa kwe-comet.
11. Ukuxhumana komthwali wezindiza nomkhumbi
Encwadini kaGenesise, inqubo yokwakha isitsha esidumile, esinobunjwa obukhulu, ichazwe ngokuningiliziwe: umkhumbi wawungumlomo wakhe futhi uzinzile. Kunzima ukucabanga ukuthi ngaleso sikhathi indoda ingakwazi ukuklama isakhiwo esifanayo somkhumbi ohlukile. Kubonakala sengathi kwakukhona amathiphu angaphezu kwambalwa. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi izithwali zanamuhla zendiza zinomklamo ofanayo, ngakho ziphikisana nesiphepho.
12. Imiqulu emikhulu futhi eyigugu
Ngo-1940, ososayensi bathola imibhalo engavamile, abayibamba ngokuthi "Imiqulu YaseLwandle Olufile". Ukuhlaziywa kombhalo kwakuvulekele, ngoba kuchaza uMkhukula omkhulu noMphongolo, kanye nemininingwane encane kakhulu. Ngendlela, ososayensi, ngokusekelwe kule nguqulo, basikisela ukuthi umkhumbi wawunomumo wepiramidi.