Izifo ze-venereal ziqala ukusabalalisa. Lezi zifo zithinta kakhulu ingxenye yokuzala yabantu. Nokho, akuzona zonke izifo ezaziwa ngokufanayo. Kuyini ukuphilisa, iziguli eziningi zizothola kuphela uma zibhekene nayo.
Iyiphi isilwane futhi isakazwa kanjani?
Isifo se-syphilis sibhekisela ezifweni zesimiso esivumelana nesimo esingapheli. I-pathology ine-originally infectious - ibangelwa amagciwane. Lapho ukuthuthukiswa kwalesi sifo kuthinta isikhumba, izibilini zamangqamuzana, izitho zangaphakathi, isimiso sezinzwa kanye nesistimu ye-musculoskeletal. Lesi sifo sibonakala inkambo eqhubekayo ngezikhathi zokucindezela nokukhululwa.
Indlela eyinhloko yokwedlulisa ukutheleleka isondo. Ukutheleleka kweziguli ezingaphezu kwama-90% kwenzeka ngokulala okungavimbelwe. Kulesi simo, iziguli ngokwazo zifunda ngesifo kuphela ngemva kwesikhashana - lesi sifo sinesikhathi sokuxubha . Isikhathi salo sibheke esimweni sesimiso sokuzivikela komzimba, ukutholakala kwezinye izinqubo ezingapheliyo ezithathelwanayo nokuvuvukala emzimbeni.
I-Syphilis iyinhlangano ye-causative
Ukuze uqonde ukuthi yisiphi isilwane, udinga ukucabangela imbangela yesifo. I-agent causative yalesi sifo yi-treponema ephaphathekile. Lezi zincane zemvelo zibhekisela kuma-spirochetes. Ngaphakathi komzimba womuntu, kungaba khona isikhathi eside. Njengoba ukuphindaphindiwe, ukwandisa ukuhlushwa kwe-pathogen kubonakala kanye nesithombe esitholakala emtholampilo. I-pathogen ithinta ngokushesha izitho zangaphakathi, ukusakazeka ezimweni eziningi kuqala ngamabhungane amancane. Ngesikhathi samanje i-lymph pathogen ingena kuphefumula, i-excretory, isekela uhlelo lomzimba.
I-pale treponema ayibekezeli ukumile, amazinga okushisa aphezulu. Bafa ngokushesha ngokubilisa. Kodwa-ke, i-microorganism imelana namazinga aphansi okushisa nokushisa. Kutholakale ukuthi i-treponema yabonisa umsebenzi wonyaka ngemuva kokuqhwaza nokugcina endaweni yokushisa kwama-degree angu -780. Ngemuva kokungena emzimbeni, i-pathogen ayitholi impendulo yomzimba omzimba. Lokhu kuchaza ukuthi kungenzeka ukutheleleka okuphindaphindiwe nge-treponema, ukuphindaphinda kwe-syphilis.
I-syphilis idluliselwa kanjani?
Njengoba kuphawuliwe ngenhla, i-syphilis isakazwa kakhulu ngokulala ngokocansi. Ngesikhathi oxhumene naye engavikelekile, i-pathogen evela emangqamuzaneni omuncu womlingani othintekile ingena emgcekeni wobulili wezempilo. Ukusetshenziswa kwamakhondomu njengendlela yokwelapha kunciphisa ingozi yesifo, kodwa akuyikushiya. Kunezinye izindlela zokudluliselwa kwalesi sifo socansi, phakathi kwazo:
- ukumpontshelwa igazi - ukumpontshelwa kwegazi lomthwali wesiguli esiphelele;
- indlela eqondile - kusukela kumama ogulayo kuya kwengane ngesikhathi sokubeletha;
- ngamathe;
- ngokuhlanzeka komuntu (okungavamile);
- ngokusebenzisa izinto zasendlini (ezingavamile kakhulu).
I-syphilis eyinhloko
Lapho kube nokutheleleka kwe-syphilis, iziguli eziningi zithola kunzima ukuphendula. Lokhu kungenxa yokuba khona kwenkathi yokufakelwa. Ngemuva kokuthi ungene emzimbeni uhamba phambili isikhathi eside ungase ungavumeli ukwazi ngawe. Ngokusho kokubonwa kwezindawo ze-venereologists, le nkathi ingahlala amasonto amabili no-4. Ngalesi sikhathi i-pathogen isakazeka ngokuqhubekayo emzimbeni ngokusebenzisa izinhlelo ze-circulatory ne-lymphatic.
Ekupheleni kwesikhathi sokutshala, amafomu aqinile, angenabuhlungu emzimbeni esakhiweni sesingeniso se-pathogen, i-ulcer - i-chancre eqinile - ukubonakaliswa kokuqala kwe-syphilis. Kusukela kulo mzuzu, isikhathi se-syphilis eyisisekelo siqala. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingu-10, i-treponema kusukela ku-ulcer, njengoba ichazwe ngenhla, ingene emaphethini omzimba oseduze. Ngenxa yalokho, inqubo yokuvuvukala iqala, futhi emzimbeni wesiguli kubonakala ubuhlungu obuvela kwesilonda kwi-lymph node. I-chancre enzima (i-ulcer), i-lymph node evulekile, i-lymph ezivela ezitokisini zethymph ehlala emavikini angu-6-7 (ubude besikhathi esiyinhloko).
I-syphilis yesibili
Zonke izikhathi ze-syphilis zibonakala ngesithombe sabo somtholampilo. Ngakho-ke, isici esivelele sefomu lesibili ukubonakala kwe- syphilitic rash . I-chancre enzima idlula ngemuva kwamasonto angu-1-2 kusukela ngesikhathi sokubukeka kwayo. Isici sesici sokuqhwala ukukhula kwayo yonke umzimba. Kulesi simo, isimo sezinto eziqhamukayo zingase zihluke: amabala, ama-abscesses, ama-nodules.
Lezi zakhi azidabuki ngisho nangaphansi kwesenzo semithi yasendaweni elwa nokuvuvukala (amafutha, ama-creams). Isikhathi sokuqothula nge-syphilis sithatha izinyanga ezimbili. Isikhathi esithile, ukuqhuma kungase kuphele, kodwa kubuye kubonakale. Ukutshela ukuthi yikuphi ukuphikisana kwesibili, odokotela banaka isikhathi salesi sikhathi. Ingahlala iminyaka emi-2-4, kuye ngokuphumelela kokwelashwa.
I-syphilis efihliwe
Uma abaningi bekwazi ukuthi yisiphi isifo sofuba, akubona wonke umuntu owake wezwa ngesimo esilandelayo sesifo. Lokhu okuhlukile kokuthuthukiswa kokutheleleka kwe-syphilitic kubonakala ngokuntuleka okuphelele kwesithombe somtholampilo. I-syphilis yobulili kuleli cala itholakala kuphela ngesikhathi sokuhlola i-laboratory. Ukuhlola igazi kwe-syphilis kubonisa ukutholakala kwemithambo ye-pathogen. Kulokhu, ukuxilongwa kusekelwe ku:
- idatha ye-anamnesis;
- imiphumela yokusabela okuqondile ku-syphilis (i-RIBT, i-RPR test).
Izimpawu zeSyphilis
Kunzima ukusho ngokungaqondile ukuthi ukuphikisana kubonakala kanjani, ukuthi ukubonakaliswa kwayo kuyini: isifo singashintsha noma singaniki izimpawu nhlobo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izibonakaliso ze-syphilis zivela amasonto ambalwa emva kokutheleleka. Nokho, iziguli eziningi azizinaki kakhulu. Iningi lifunde ngokuba khona kwesifo ekubunjweni kwe-chancre eqinile, ebonakala emva kokuthuthukiswa kwefomu eliyinhloko lokutheleleka.
Lapho kwenziwa uphenyo lwama-laboratory kakade ekuqaleni kwezinguquko ushintsho kwifomula yegazi (ukukhula kwama-leucocytes, ukucindezeleka kwe-hemoglobin) kungabonwa. Lezi zenzakalo ziyizinto ezijwayelekile, futhi akunakwenzeka ukukhomba isifo sofuba kubo. Ekupheleni kwesikhathi esiyinhloko, iziguli zikhononda ngalokhu:
- ikhanda;
- ubuthakathaka kanye ne-malaise;
- ubuhlungu emisipha kanye namalungu;
- ukwanda kokushisa komzimba kuya kuma-38 degrees.
Izimpawu zokuqala ze-syphilis
Lapho i-syphilis iqala, i-chancre ingenye yezimpawu zokuqala zokutheleleka. Lokhu kwakheka kuyisisindo sokwembalwa okuncane. Yakhiwa ngokuqondile esakhiweni sokusungulwa kwe-treponem emzimbeni: kubantu besifazane - emabhodini noma embelethweni, emadodeni - esifundeni se-glans penis. Ukufunda kungalimaza, kepha ngokuvamile akubanga imbangela ebuhlungu. Ngaphansi kwe-chancre kune-infiltrate eqinile, ngakho-ke ithole igama elinjalo. Phakathi kokunye ukubonakaliswa kokuqala kwe-syphilis kungabonakala:
- I-edema engokwemvelo ukubunjwa kwebibi noma ijwabu. Ezimweni eziningi kune-tinge e-cyanotic noma yama-pink.
- U-Amygladalite - ukunqotshwa kwe-syphilis yamathoni nge-carrier ye-treponema. Kuvela njengomphumela womuntu ocansini ngomlomo. Ubuhlungu ngesikhathi sokugwinya, ukushisa komzimba okuphezulu, ubuthakathaka, ukuphathwa ikhanda okukhulu.
Izinyathelo ze-syphilis
Kuncike ekutheni i-syphilis ibonisa kanjani, yiziphi izimpawu ezibonwayo, odokotela bangakwazi ukubona isigaba sesifo:
- Isiteji sokuqala (isifo sokuqala samaphilisi) - siqala ngokutheleleka, kuhlanganisa isikhathi sokutshala isikhathi lapho izimpawu zingekho. Isikhathi salesi sigaba singamaviki angu-7. Eyaziwa ngokubunjwa kwe-chancre, echazwe ngenhla, i-lymph nodes ekhulisiwe.
- Isigaba sesibili (i-syphilis yesibili) ibonakala ngokuqhuma kuwo wonke umzimba, okuyinto elala njalo futhi iphinde ibonakale.
- Isigaba sesithathu - sikhula eminyakeni embalwa emva kokutheleleka uma kungekho ukwelashwa okufanele, ukudluliselwa kudokotela. Muva nje, i-syphilis ephakeme iqhubekile kakhulu ngenxa yokugeleza okusheshayo.
Yini eyingozi ku-syphilis?
Uma le-syphilis ingelashwa isikhathi eside, imiphumela yesifo ingathinta impilo yakho. Uhlu lwezinkinga ezikhona kungenzeka lukhulu, futhi akunakwenzeka ngaso sonke isikhathi ukucacisa ukuthi yini eyaba ngumphumela wokuba khona kwe-treponema emzimbeni womuntu. Phakathi kwemiphumela evame kakhulu yesifo:
- ukungabi namuntu;
- isikhumba sezinwele;
- ukuphazamiseka kwezixhobo zokusebenza;
- I-CNS izilonda - neurosyphilis;
- umonakalo ebuchosheni;
- ukufa.
I-syphilis - ukuxilongwa
Ngemva kokuqonda ukuthi yisiphi isisindo, ukuthi sibonakala kanjani, kubalulekile ukuthola ukuthi kungenzeka kanjani ukuhlolisisa lesi sifo. Kunzima ukuthola ukuzivikela ngokuzimela - ngokuvamile isifo sifika ngendlela evulekile, sitholakale ngokuhlolwa kokuzivikela ngengozi. Isisekelo sokuxilongwa yizindlela zokwelapha. Ukwenziwa ngcono kwamasu akhona kwenza kube lula ukukhomba ukuthi kukhona khona i-ejenti emzimbeni ngokungabikho kokubonakaliswa kwangaphandle. Igazi likhonza njengento yokufunda. Ukuhlaziywa kwe-syphilis kungenziwa ngenye yezindlela:
- I-RPR;
- I-RW ( ukuhlolwa kwe-Wasserman );
- I-RIF (i-enzyme immunoassay);
- ukusabela kokuhlukunyezwa okungahambi kahle;
- I-PCR.
I-Syphilis - ukwelashwa
Ukwelashwa kwe-syphilis kwenziwa esibhedlela. Inkambo yokwelashwa ikhethwe ngabanye futhi inqunywa ngesigaba sesifo, ukuba khona kwe-pathologies ehambisanayo, isimo sesiguli. Isisekelo sokwelashwa izidakamizwa zokulwa namagciwane. I- treponema ye- Pale ibucayi kuma-antibiotics wechungechunge le-penicillin. Kodwa-ke, lezi zidakamizwa zande ukwanda kwe-allergenicity. Njengabafaka esikhundleni bangasetshenziswa:
- ama-macrolides (i-Azithromycin, i-Erythromycin);
- i-tetracycline (i-Doxycycline, iTetracycline);
- i-fluoroquinolones (iLevofloxacin, i-Sparfloxacin).
Lapho ukwelashwa okuyinkimbinkimbi kwe-syphilis, amanye amaqembu ezidakamizwa avame ukusetshenziswa:
- ama-immunostimulants (Immunal, Immunomax);
- anti-inflammatory (naproxen, i-surg);
- amavithamini (B6, B12, ascorbic acid).
Kungenzeka yini ukwelapha isifo se-syphilis?
Lo mbuzo uvame ukubuzwa ngalawo ma-placenta lapho isifo se-syphilis ngemuva kokwelashwa sekuthuthukise kabusha. Njengoba kuphawuliwe ngenhla, ukuzivikela kwalesi sivivinyo emzimbeni womuntu akukhiqizwa, ngenxa yalokho, esikhathini esithile emva kokuphela kwenkambo yokwelapha, izimpawu zesipilisi zingase zivele futhi. Noma kunjalo, ukwelashwa okuqalile ngesikhathi, ukuhambisana ngokugcwele nemigomo yezokwelapha nezincomo ezivela esigulini kuyisiqinisekiso sokuthola ngokugcwele. Izibalo zendlela ukuphathwa kwe-syphilis kuboniswa ngayo kuthebula elingezansi.
I-Syphilis - izidakamizwa
Esikhathini ngasinye, indlela yokwelapha isifo se-syphilis - sinquma i-venereologist. Ukwelapha kuncike ngokuphelele efomini, isigaba sesifo. Kulokhu, umphumela wokwelashwa kuxhomeke kakhulu ekukhethweni okufanele komuthi wokwelapha. Kunezinhlelo eziningi ezivunyelwe ngokuvamile eziqondisa odokotela ekunakekeleni ukuphilisa. Izindinganiso ezisemqoka zomhlaba wonke zokwelashwa kwalesi sifo esiyingozi, okubonisa ukuthi imithi kanye nemingcele inikezwa etafuleni elingezansi.
I-Syphilis - ukuvimbela
Ukuvimbela ukutheleleka kwe-venereal kuhloswe ekuqedeni ukudluliselwa kwesifo.
Ukuze uvimbele ukuhlunga kwekhaya, udinga:
- Sebenzisa izinto ezihlukene (uzinake ngokucophelela emva kokudla).
- Sebenzisa imikhiqizo yokuhlanzeka.
- Gwema ukuthintana kocansi, ukumanga nomuntu ogulayo.
Endabeni lapho ukulala ngokobulili nesiguli kwenzeka, kuyadingeka:
- Phatha izitho zangaphandle zobulili ngesisombululo se-Chlorhexidine.
- Ngemuva kwamasonto amabili kudlula ukuhlolwa kokulawulwa kwe-syphilis.