Ukuqaphela imidlalo yezingane nentuthuko yabo yemvelo, ososayensi owaziwa kakhulu nesazi sefilosofi uMaria Montessori wadala uhlelo oluyingqayizivele lokukhulisa izingane, ngokusekelwe emcabangweni wokugqugquzela ingane ukuba yenze intuthuko nokuzimela. Ingane ngayinye iyingqayizivele futhi kusukela ekuzalweni kwakhe izama ukuzimela, futhi umsebenzi wabantu abadala ukumsiza ukuthi adalule amathuba akhe. Lokhu kuyisimiso sokusebenza nezingane ezikoleni zaseMontessori- izikole ezilandela indlela yomuntu oyinhloko yokufundisa abantu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izikhungo zezemfundo zalolu hlelo zisebenzisa izinto ezenziwe ngama-didactic ezakhiwe nguMdali ngokwakhe futhi zihlose ukuthuthukiswa kwamakhono amakhono emoto kanye nezinzwa zezingane ezincane.
Izinto ezenziwe ngobuciko uMontessori
Ifayela lemidlalo nezinzuzo zikaMaria Montessori lihlukile kakhulu. Phela, uthisha wazinikela izingane zakhe ekufundiseni impilo yakhe yonke, futhi ngokuzama nokuphambana wakhetha kuphela ukuvivinya umzimba, imidlalo kanye nezinto ezisebenzayo. Wayecabangela konke kuya emininingwaneni yokugcina. Ukuhleleka kwefenisha, inhlangano efanelekile yesikhala, ukugcinwa kwemithetho kanye nokuhleleka, iminyaka yezingane - akukho imininingwane encane eyashiywe ngaphandle kokunakwa.
Yini esingayisho mayelana ne "i-Montessori yegolide" - imidlalo nemishini yokuthuthukiswa kwama-didactic, asetshenziswa abalandeli bezindlela kuze kube namuhla. Ngokwezisekelo zabo, amathoyizi anamuhla akhiwa, futhi izandla zomama zenza izinhlamvu zabo ngezandla zabo. Isibonelo, amapuzzli zanamuhla, ama-sorters, athuthukisa amaphepathi - konke lokhu kuyifa likaMaria Montessori. Zibangela ekuthuthukiseni ubuntu, zisiza ngokwakho ukwazi izwe elikuzungezile, futhi uhlele uhlelo lwamakhono nolwazi olutholakale seluthole. Ngokugxila ekuthuthukiseni amakhono amakhono emoto kanye nokuzizwa, umdali wayefuna ukuthuthukisa ukuqala okungokomoya kwezingane, ngoba ngombono wakhe, lokhu kuyisisekelo somuntu ogcwele, okhululekile futhi onokwanele.
Ukuze sibe nokuqonda okucacile kwezinto zokwakha amakilasi ka-Montessori, ake sibheke izibonelo ezimbalwa:
- Izikhwama ezihlukahlukene ngokugcwalisa. Njengokugcina, okusanhlamvu, ama-peas, ubhontshisi kanye ne-polystyrene. Umsebenzi wabo ukuhlakulela amakhono abathintekayo nabokubuka izingane.
- Izimbiza ezinokugcwaliswa okuhlukile. Thuthukisa amakhono okuzwa omncinyane.
- Isifuba ngezimfihlo, ngokuqinisekile njengezingane ezindala. Idivaysi elula ngendlela yebhokisi enezimbiza ezihlukahlukene, lapho ngamunye efihliwe khona okuthile (isibonelo, ithoyizi encane), uzofundisa ingane ukuvula nokuvala isitsha, futhi kusize ukuthuthukisa izandla.
- Amathoyizi "alambile" ePulasitiki anomgexo emlonyeni. Yiqiniso, omncane ngeke wenqabe ukusiza "umngane", futhi uzokujabulela ukumondla ngezinhlawulo ezincane noma ama-peas. Ukuzivocavoca okunjalo kuqeqesha iso, isandla, ukunakekelwa nokubekezela.
- Amapende wezinwele - isakhi esivelele, athandwa kakhulu nezingane eziningi. Kusobala ukuthi ukuzidweba kungenakuphikwa umsebenzi othakazelisayo nowusizo kubantwana bazo zonke izigaba zeminyaka.
- Izithombe ezisikiwe zihlobo lwe-mini-puzzle.
- Izinto zeqembu elithile elihlukile kumbala, ukuma noma usayizi. Isibonelo, ngaphambi kokuba ingane ibeke izihlahla ezintathu zikaKhisimusi futhi inike amagundane ahlanganisiwe: obomvu, obomvu nokuphuzi. Umsebenzi womntwana ukuhlobisa yonke imithi kaKhisimusi ngamagundane ombala othile.
- Ukufaka amafrimu. Idalwe ngohlobo lomklami olula, ngokuvamile ovuthayo, baqeqesha ukucabanga kwe-optical-spatial, amakhono amakhono amakhono nokuxhumanisa. Kukhona ukufakwa okuhlukahlukene ngezithombe zezilwane, abalingiswa be-cartoon, imifino nezithelo, izibalo zeJomethri.
- Umbhoshongo obomvu. Qondanisa izingane ngemicabango yokuthi "big" futhi "encane", "ngaphansi", ngaphezulu.
