Uphahla lwezakhiwo eziningi ezidolobheni elikhulu esizibonayo, futhi uzicabange ngisho nangaphansi. Kodwa uma unquma ukwakha indlu yangasese, khona-ke umbuzo walokho okumele ube khona uphahla usebenza kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, yiziphi izinhlobo zokuphahla izindlu ezizimele?
Umumo womgodi
Ukuma kophahla lwendlu yangasese akuyona nje indima yokuzijabulisa, kodwa futhi kunomthelela oqondile kwikhwalithi yesakhiwo kanye nezindleko ezilinganisiwe.
- Amapulangwe aphezulu awavame ukutholakala emadolobheni nasemadolobheni ethu, kubhekwa njengokwakhiwa okungeyona eyakhelwe ngaphakathi. Izinzuzo zendlu eqondile yendlu eyodwa-esitelekeni ziyabonakala: zindleko eziphansi kakhulu ezakhiweni kanye nomsebenzi ngokwazo, futhi nethuba elibalulekile lokusebenzisa uphahla olufana ne-terrace, ingadi (uphahla oluhlaza) noma ngisho nemidlalo yehlobo ehlobo.
- Uphahla olulodwa oluklanyelwe luyi-design elula kakhulu kusukela ekubukeni kokuphila kwansuku zonke. Ikuvumela ukuba wenze indlu ikhanyise ngenxa yokuhamba kwamakamelo okuphila ane-panoramic glazing ehlangothini elangeni. Ngakolunye uhlangothi uhlangothi luhlelwe ingxenye yomnotho (amagumbi okugcina impahla, izindlu zokugeza, njll). Ukwengeza, indlu yangasese enehahla lesikhwama ibhekwa njengesabelo sebhajethi. Ngaphandle kwezakhiwo zokuhlala, ngokuvamile i-odnoskatnym yenza amaphahla ezandiso, izindlu nezindawo.
- Uphahla lwama-gable lubhekwa njengendlela ejwayelekile. Uhlelo lokushisa lwephahla lwamafuba lwenza kube lula ukusabalalisa umthwalo ngokulinganayo, ngaphandle kokucindezela ngokweqile kwisisekelo sendlu. Othandwa kakhulu manje ama-skeleton ophahleni lwezintambo, okudingekile kakhulu ukusebenza.
- Uphahleni lwe- Mansard (oluphukile) lwenza kube lula ukwengeza ivolumu ewusizo ekamelweni elingaphansi kwalo. Kulolu cala, isicabha sophahleni singathatha amafasitela, futhi engxenyeni yaso engenhla - ukukhwabanisa: kuzokwenza i-attic yakho ibonakale futhi ikhululekile ukuthi iyoba igumbi eligcwele.
- Ukwakhiwa kwendluvu ye- hip kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, ngoba kunesistimu yokuhlanza yonke.
- Uphahla oluqotshiwe yizintathu ezine ze-isosceles ezixhunywe phezulu. Uphahla olunjalo lulungele indlu yesikwele, ngoba lilinganiselwe.
- Amapulangwe aseDome asetshenziselwa ukwakha izindlu zangasese ngokungajwayelekile.
Izinhlobo zokuphahla
Indlu nophahla akuyona into efanayo. Uma uphahla luyingxenye ephezulu yesakhiwo kwanoma yikuphi isakhiwo, khona-ke ngaphansi kwegama elithi "uphahla" lisho ukuthi impahla yokugqoka ingaphandle. Ngamanye amazwi, lokhu yingxenye engenhla yophahla, okwenza ukushisa okuvikelayo nokusebenza kwamanzi.
Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zokuphahleni zanamuhla ziyi:
- izinkuni: ama-shingles, ama-shingles, ama-shingle;
- Izinto zokwaziswa: uphahla lwama-slate, i-tile yensimbi ehlanganisiwe, ukuthungwa kwe-steel seam, i-Euroshaft;
- qhafaza izinto zokubopha: i-ceramic, i-composite noma i-flexible (bitumen) tile, uphahla lwama-slate.
Umbala womgodi
Uma uhlela ukwakhiwa kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhethwa kwesikhala sombala ophahleni. Kumele kuvumelane, hhayi ukudala umehluko nombala wesigcawu sokwakha ngokwawo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukhetho lombala ophahleni luzosiza ukufihla ukungaphumeleli komklamo wendlu futhi kugcizelele ukufaneleka kwayo. Isibonelo, umbala omnyama ophahleni ungasetshenziswa ukwenza indlu ende ibonakale encane futhi ibanzi. I-Terracotta noma i-gray hue igcizelela ukulula komklamo wezakhiwo zakudala. Amathayili aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, aluhlaza noma obomvu azobukeka angcono nge-facade elula. Iphahla elimhlophe libukeka lihle kakhulu, kodwa lingabonakala ngezindawo eziphuzi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Futhi into yokugcina: ngaphambi kokuthenga izinto zokwehla, cela umthetho wendawo. Iqiniso liwukuthi kwezinye izifunda ukukhetha umbala wephahla lwezindlu zangasese kulawulwa ngumthetho ofanelekile, ungavumeli ukusetshenziswa kweminye imibala.
