Emhlabeni jikelele, ukuxilongwa "ngomdlavuza wesifuba" kwenziwa ngonyaka ka-1 250 000 abesifazane abaneminyaka ehlukene. E-Russia, lesi sifo sitholakale kuma-54 000 abesifazane. Ngeshwa, ezimweni eziningi, lesi sifo sitholakale sekwephuzile. Noma kunjalo, umdlavuza webele usuphulukiswa ngokuphelele. Ngenxa yalokhu kuyadingeka ukuba ube nesimiso somzimba esijwayelekile sebele.
I-Mammography - ubani futhi ngani?
I-Mammography ihlolisisa izigulane ze-mammary ngosizo lwe-X-rays. Ivumela ukuthi kungatholakali nje ukuguqulwa kwamathambo ezinhlobonhlobo zesifuba, kodwa futhi ukucacisa ubukhulu bendawo ethintekile nendawo yayo ngqo. Kwabaningi besifazane abasengozini, lena yindlela kuphela yokuthola umdlavuza webele esifundeni, lapho ukwelashwa okuphelele kunokwenzeka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngosizo lwe-mammography, odokotela banquma ukuba khona kwezilonda ezincelisayo (fibretenenoma), ama-cysts, i-calcium usawoti (calcification), njll.
Ngokuvamile abesifazane bathunyelwa kuma-mammograms nalezi zimpawu ezilandelayo:
- ubuhlungu esifubeni;
- izinguquko ekubunjweni kwezingono;
- ukukhipha ezinsikeni zezintuthwane ze-mammary ;
- izibopho esifubeni;
- I-Breast disusion nokubomvu.
Kungcono nini ukwenza umthambo wezinyawo?
Kulabo besifazane abaqala ukubhekana nezifo zesifuba, kuphakama imibuzo eminingi ngokuphathelene ne-mammography: Ngosuku luni lomjikelezo kungcono kakhulu ukwenza umxhwele? Kulungile kanjani ukwenza noma ukwenza i-mammogram? Ingabe ukuhlolwa kuphephile?
Odokotela bazincoma: I-X-ray ene-mammography ikhishwa ngamanani amancane kakhulu futhi ayifaki ingozi yempilo. Noma kunjalo, abomama nabasikwelekile bangcono ngokuhamba nge-ultrasound mammography, ephephile ngokuphelele futhi ingenziwa izikhathi eziningana ngokulandelana.
Ngumhla owenziwe nge-mammography? Impendulo yalo mbuzo izonikezwa udokotela oya khona (umjozi wezifo zogciwane, i-mammologist, oncologist). Ngokujwayelekile ukuxilongwa kwegazi kuyenziwa ngosuku lwesishiyagalolunye nesishiyagalolunye nesishiyagalolunye sonyaka wokuya esikhathini. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ekuqaleni komjikelezo umzimba wesifazane ungaphansi kwethonya lamahomoni ase-estrogen, futhi isifuba sincipha kakhulu futhi sibucayi. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuba uthole izithombe ezithuthukisayo kakhulu, futhi inqubo yowesifazane ingakhathazeki kakhulu. Uma isiguli sesivele sesifinyelele esikhathini sokuqala, ukuhlolwa kungenziwa nganoma yisiphi isikhathi.
Ngokuphathelene nesikhathi sokudonswa kwemithi, odokotela babumbene: emva kweminyaka engama-40, owesifazane ngamunye kufanele ahambele i-mammologist kanye neminyaka yonke engu-1-2 futhi ayenze i-mammogram, ngisho noma ezwa kahle. Uma uthola izimpawu zokukhathazeka, i-mammography kufanele yenziwe kungakhathaliseki ubudala.
Ungathola kanjani i-mammogram?
Ukuqeqeshwa okhethekile kwe-mammography akudingeki. Okuwukuphela kwento odokotela ababuza ngayo, ukugwema ukusebenzisa izimonyo kanye nempepho emkhakheni wocwaningo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngaphambi kokuba inqubo izodinga ukususa yonke imigexo entanyeni. Uma ulindele umntwana noma ukondla, qiniseka ukuthi utshela i-radiologist ngakho, okuzoqhuba umthambo.
Inqubo ingathatha imizuzu engaphezu kwengu-20 futhi ingenabuhlungu - insizwa encane ibonakala kuphela kwabesifazane abathile amabele abo ahlukumezeka kakhulu ekuthinteni.
Isiguli siceliwe ukuba siguqule esikhwameni bese sibheke phambi kwe-mammogram, bese ubeka izinhlayiya ezincane emkhatsini wamacwecwe amabili bese uwafake kalula (lokhu kuyadingeka ukuthola izithombe eziphakeme kakhulu). Izithombe zesifuba ngasinye zenziwe ngezilinganiso ezimbili (iqondile ne-oblique). Lokhu kukuvumela ukuba uthole ulwazi oluphelele kakhulu mayelana nesimo sebele. Ngezinye izikhathi owesifazane uyamenywa ukuthatha izithombe ezengeziwe. Ngemuva kwenqubo, i-radiologist ichaza izithombe futhi idonse isiphetho.