Ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene, kodwa ezifanayo ekubonakalweni kwezilonda zesikhumba, okuthiwa i-eczema, zibhekisela ezifweni ezingezona ezithathelwanayo ezingenasabele. Kuvame ukutholwa ukuthi i-eczema emilenzeni, engenzeka ngesimo esibucayi noma ukuthatha inkambo evamile ejwayelekile.
I-Eczema - Izinhlobo
I-Eczema, etholakala emilenzeni, ihambisana nezinqubo zokuvuvukala ebunzini be-dermis ne-epidermis. Kuncike ekuqaliseni kwendlela yokuqala nokuthuthukiswa kwalesi sifo, ukubonakaliswa kwayo kwemitholampilo, izazi zihlukanisa izinhlobo ze-eczema emilenzeni: iqiniso, i-microbial, i-varicose, i-professional, horny (i-corn-like) kanye nabanye. Ake sihlale kancane kulezi zinhlobo eziyinhloko zokwelapha.
I-Varicose Eczema
Leli fomu lesi sifo livela ezigulini ezine-varicose emithanjeni engezansi futhi ngokuvamile kunenkinga engapheliyo nokujwayela ukuqhuma okuvamile. Isici esiyinhloko esiholela ekutheni kwenzeke izilonda ukuphulwa kwegazi elihamba ngegazi. Lokhu kuvame ukubangelwa ukuphazanyiswa kwezixhobo ze-valve valve, ukwehliswa kwemisebenzi yayo, ngenxa yokuthi kukhona ukunyuka kwengcindezi emithanjeni, ukuguqulwa kwazo, ukuthuthukiswa kwezimo eziqhubekayo. Lezi zenzakalo ezimbi ziholela ekuhlolisweni nasekunciphiseni izicubu zesikhumba, ukubonakala kwazo kwe-microarrays, ukuphahlazeka.
I-Varicose eczema emilenzeni yendawo yakhiwe ikakhulukazi engxenyeni yesithathu engezansi yezimpawu, eduze nezindawo ezinezinyosi ezihlanjululwe. Ekuqaleni kokuthuthukiswa kwezinkinga ezinjalo, iziguli ziqaphela ukucubungula kwezizinda zesikhumba, ukubonakala kokutshala okukhulayo. Ngemva kwalokho, izimpawu zokuvuvukala zijoyina: ukubomvu kwezicubu, ukukhathazeka, ukwakheka kwamabhulebhu okuvula okushiya ama-crusts amahle. Ngokuvamile, lezi zibonakaliso zandulela ukutholakala kwezilonda ze-trophic emilenzeni.
I-microbial eczema
Kulezo zimo lapho ezinqenqemeni ezingezansi kunezinxeba ezingapheli zokuphulukisa ezingenalo ukuphulukiswa, okubangelwa ukulimala noma ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa, izilonda ze-fungal, i-fistula, i-abrasions, i-eczema ye-microbial emilenzeni ingaqala. Futhi, lolu hlobo lwe-pathology ngezinye izikhathi lwakhiwa ngokumelene nesizinda se-stasis lymphatic, ukungakwazi ukuphefumula. Njengoba ama-causative agents ngokuvamile avame ukukhipha ama-microorganisms alandelayo:
- streptococci ;
- i-staphylococci;
- Amaprotheni;
- Klebsiella;
- candida.
Ngenxa yokunciphisa imithwalo yemingcele ye-epidermis, imiphumela engapheli yezifo eziphilayo ze-pathogenic iholela ekwakheni izilonda ze-eczematous. Isici esihlukile sale fomu lesi sifo sichazwe ngokucacile fogrant foci, esivame ukukhula komzimba kanye nokufakwa okukhulu kwamagundane ahlanzekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokuvamile ngefomu le-microbial babheka ukubukeka kwe-screenings - ama-pustules amancane amancane, ama-peci okubheka ama-tissue aphilile angaphandle.
I-eczema yangempela
Lezi zinhlobo, ezinama-etiology engaqondakali, zivame kakhulu. Ekuqaleni kwentuthuko, ukukhubazeka kutholakala endaweni ebusweni, emva kwalokho kudlulela emlenzeni. Uma kune-eczema enjalo emilenzeni, isigaba sokuqala sibonakala ngokubomvu nokuvuvukala kwezicubu. Ngemuva kwalokhu, kunezinsalela ze-vesicular ne-papular, ezishaya kakhulu. I-foci ayinayo imingcele ecacile. Izinto zokuvula zishiya izilonda ezimanzi, ezimbozwe nge-crusts. Ngemuva kokuphela kwezinqubo zokuvuvukala, izicubu ezibomvu zakhiwe ezindaweni ezithintekayo.
Uhlobo lwe-eczema yangempela luyi-dyshidrotic eczema ezinyaweni, lapho izinyawo zithinta khona. Ukubonakaliswa okungokwemvelo kuyizingqimba ezincane ezinomsoco ocacile ngaphakathi, ukuvula nokwenza izinkinga ezibuhlungu noma ukushiya ama-crusts. Lesi sifo sihambisana nokushaywa okukhulu, ukushisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iziguli eziningi zakha izinguquko ze-nail ze-nail.
I-eczema yomsebenzi
Leli fomu lokukhubazeka livela emiphumeleni yesikhathi eside yezinto ezihlukahlukene, okuvamile, amakhemikhali, isibonelo: i-nickel, i-chromium, i-formalin, i-epoxy, i-benzylpenicillin, i-novocaine, idayi, ama-detergents, njll. Abasebenzi emithi, amakhemikhali, ama-metallurgical, , abahlanza.
Ngokuvamile i-eczema yezobuchwepheshe iqala ezinzwaneni, isakaze ezinyaweni. Ukubonakaliswa okungokwemvelo kubomvu obukhulu, ukuvuvukala, inani elikhulu lama-vesicles. Esikhathini esiphatheka isikhumba esithintekayo, iphethini lishintsha, izicubu zinyathela. Izinqubo ezithinta amagciwane emithambekeni ngokushesha "zancipha" lapho zisusa ukuxhumana nezinto eziyingozi.
I-ecneema eczema
Ukunqotshwa kwalolu hlobo luvame ukubhekwa kwabesifazane esikhathini esibucayi, okungase kubonise indima yezinguquko emlandweni we-hormonal lapho kwenzeka khona. Isici sesici salesi sifo ukubonakala kwe-hyperkeratosis - ukuqina okukhulu kwe-epidermis. Ngokungafani nezinye izinhlobo zalesi sifo, ama-bubbles avuki, kodwa esikhundleni salokho abumba ukukhula okwenziwe ngamabele okugcina ekuqhekekeni nokwakhiwa kwemifantu ejulile edala ubuhlungu.
I-corneal eczema (i-tylotic, horny) ifana nokubonakaliswa kwe-psoriasis, i-mycosis, i-epidermophytia ezinyaweni, lapho lesi sifo kufanele sivezwe khona. Ngokuvamile, nge-pathology eside, kunzima ngesikhala sezindawo ezingaphakathi, kuhambisane nokukhwabanisa, ukubomvu, ukuvuvukala, nokubonakala kwezimo ezibuhlungu.
I-Eczema ezinyaweni - izimbangela
Izimbangela eziqondile zokubonakala kwe-pathology azange zisungulwe namuhla, kunemibono eminingi kulokhu. Kukholelwa ukuthi i-eczema emilenzeni iyisifo se-polyethological, enye yezindinganiso eziyinhloko ekuthuthukiseni okunikezwa ukuguqulwa kwe-immune okuvusa ukusabela kwe-allergenic. Ososayensi bakhombisa ukuthi izinto ezihlukahlukene (ikakhulukazi zangaphandle) ziholela ekuhleleni kabusha amathisini omzimba, lapho ukusabela kwe-eczematous esikhumbeni kungaqala nganoma yisiphi isikhathi.
Kodwa-ke, amaqiniso amaningi akhombisa ukuthi i-eczema phakathi kwezinzwani nezinye izingxenye zomkhawulo ophansi ngesikhathi sakhiwe incike esimweni sesimiso sezinzwa. Ukwephulwa kwemisebenzi yayo kungenzeka ngenxa yezimo ezicindezelayo eziqhubekayo, ukusebenza ngokweqile kwengqondo. Ngalesi sisekelo izinguquko ezandulele ukuthuthukiswa kwenqubo eczematous ezikhungweni zesikhumba ziyaqhubeka zikhumbule. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye ze-pathologies zangaphakathi "zisiza" izinqubo ezimbi:
- isifo sesibindi ;
- isifo sezinso;
- i-dysbiosis yamathumbu;
- i-pancreatitis;
- i-cholecystitis ;
- i-gastritis enezinguquko ku-acidity;
- i-peptic ulcer;
- helminthic invasions;
- izimpikiswano zesimiso se-hormonal (ehambisana ne-gland yegciwane, izigulane eziyingozi);
- i-atopic dermatitis .
Izizathu ze-Causal ziyabonakala nemiphumela eminingi yangaphandle:
- uxhumane nezifo, izimo zamakhemikhali;
- ithonya lokushisa, lokubandayo, imisebe ye-ultraviolet;
- umonakalo wemishini, amakhemikhali, okushisa nokushisa emzimbeni;
- ukutheleleka.
Yini i-eczema ibukeka ngayo?
Ezimweni ezivamile, i-eczema ezinyaweni iqala ngokukhwabanisa isikhumba, kuhambisane nokulunywa okungenakubekezeleleka, okuyinto maduzane kunama-vesicles amaningi ane-serous fluid ngaphakathi. Ngemuva kokuvulwa kwalezi zakhi, kunezinkinga zokuhlala ezikhona, lapho kumile, ama-crusts aphuzi akhiwa. Uma i-eczema eyomile iqala emilenzeni, ukuqhuma nokukhukhula akukhona, futhi izindawo ezichaphazelekayo zibonakala zibomvu, zivutha kakhulu, ziphahlazeka futhi ziqhekekile.
I-eczema emanzi emilenzeni
I-eczema emanzi yikuguqulwa kohlobo olumile lomonakalo, lapho ama-vesicles aqhekezayo ane-fluy fluous fluid asinayo isikhathi sokugubha ama-cortices, kodwa aqale ukujula nokuphenduka izilonda. Lokhu kwakha ubuso obunamanzi obunamanzi, okwandisa kancane kancane ngobukhulu. Ama-crusts avela ngokushesha amanzi, angavumeli izicubu ukuba zenzeke. Zonke lezi zinqubo zihlotshaniswa nokushaywa okukhulu, ukuvutha. Uhlobo luni lwe-eczema lusezintanjeni, isithombe esingezansi sikwazi ukudlulisa.
Indlela yokuphatha i-eczema emilenzeni?
Ukuze kunqume ukuthi kuzokwenzeka kanjani ukuphilisa i-eczema ezinyaweni, izazi kudingeka zikwazi ngangokunokwenzeka mayelana nendlela yokubonakala kwayo, izici ezivusa amadlingozi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kungadingeka wenze izivivinyo zokuhlunga, funda ukusebenza kwesistimu yezinzwa, izitho zokugaya, amazinga e-hormone futhi uhlole ezinye izixhumanisi eziyingozi. Zonke iziguli ezine-eczema ngezinyawo zinconywa ukuba zihambisane nezincomo ezilandelayo:
- ukuvinjelwa kwezinqubo zamanzi endaweni yezilonda;
- ukwenqaba ukuxhumana nama-irritants, amakhemikhali, amakhemikhali asekhaya;
- ukugwema izimo ezicindezelayo;
- ukuhambisana nokudla okunempilo kwe-hypoallergenic;
- ukunakekela njalo isikhumba sezinyawo ngemithi ekhethekile.
Ezimweni eziningi, ukwelashwa kwe-eczema emilenzeni ekhaya kuhilela imithi ngezilungiselelo ezilandelayo zesenzo:
- antihistamines (Diazolin, Loratadine, Cetirizine);
- izinxanxathela (i-Nosepam, i-tincture ye-valerian, i-Chlosepide);
- izidakamizwa ze-glucocorticoid (dexamethasone, prednisolone);
- izidakamizwa zokulwa ne-antibacterial (Gentamicin, Tetracycline, Erythromycin);
- amavithamini B1, B6, C;
- ama-sorbents (i-Enterosgel, i-Atoxil, i-activated carbon).
Izindlela ze-physiotherapeutic zisebenza kahle ekwelapheni:
- I-PUVA-ukwelapha ;
- i-phototherapy ekhethiwe;
- i-helium-neon laser irradiation;
- ozonotherapy ;
- magnetotherapy.
I-ointments ngokuhambisana ne-eczema emilenzeni
Kusukela kumalungiselelo ezenzo zendawo, amafutha e-eczema avame ukuphakanyiswa, ikakhulukazi ngesimo esomile sesilonda. Amafutha avela ku-eczema emilenzeni angabi yi-hormonal, isenzo esenzelwe ukunqandwa kwe-pathogenic microflora, ukuqedwa kwezinqubo zokuvuvukala, ukusheshiswa kokuvuselelwa kwezicubu, noma i-hormonal, esetshenziselwa amacala amakhulu kakhulu ngenhloso yemiphumela enamandla yokuvuvukala. Ake sihlele amalungiselelo ayisisekelo ngendlela yamafutha okugcoba, okhethwe e-eczema:
- kanye nokuqukethwe kwe-corticosteroids - I-Hydrocortisone, i-Advantan, i-Lorinden C;
- okungewona ama-hormonal - amafutha kaWilkinson, amafutha e-salicylic-zinc, Ichthyol, Dexpanthenol, Magnipsol, Baneoocin, Levomekol, Mycoderm nabanye.
Umlayezo we-eczema emilenzeni
Ukwelashwa kwe-eczema ezinyaweni lapho kutholakala khona ukuhlanganiswa kuvame ukubandakanya ukusetshenziswa kwalezi zinhlobo ze-creams ezilandelayo:
- hormonal - Celestoderm B, Cinaflan, Elokom;
- ngaphandle kwe-corticosteroids - i-Bepanten, isikhumba se-Skin, i-Agrosulfan, i-Elidel, i-Losterin, i-Timogen nabanye.
Ukwelashwa kwe-eczema ngezinyawo ngamakhambi abantu
Iziguli zezinye izindlela zokwelashwa zinikeza izindlela zokupheka ezisekelwe ezithandweni zemithi zokwelashwa. Abaningi babo basiza ngokuphumelelayo ukuqeda ukukhanga okucasulayo, ukunciphisa umsebenzi wezinqubo zokuvuvukala, ukukhipha imishanguzo ye-injection. Siphakamisa ukusebenzisa ikhambi elilula le-eczema emilenzeni, kunconywa ngezinhlobo ezahlukene zezilonda.
Umshini we-lotion
Izithako:
- amazambane - 1 pc.;
- uju - 1 tsp.
Ukulungiselela nokusebenzisa
- Hlanganisa impande ne grate.
- Hlanganisa noju.
- Beka ingxube engxenyeni ye-gauze egoqwe ezinqabeni eziningana.
- I-lotion ephumela ekusebenziseni endaweni ethintekile izikhathi eziningana ngosuku.
Ukudla nge-eczema
Ukudla kwe-eczema emilenzeni, okuyingxenye yokwelapha, kusekelwe ezimisweni ezilandelayo:
- izidakamizwa zemifino yobisi, izitshalo, inyama ebilisiwe ebilisiwe, izithelo ezintsha nemifino;
- ukwenqaba kwamafutha, okuthosiwe, izitsha zokubhema, amaswidi, ama-marinades, utshwala;
- ukwenqaba imikhiqizo ye-allergenic kakhulu (ama-citrus, i-cocoa, i-strawberry, inhlanzi ebomvu, i-egg white);
- ukusetshenziswa okwanele ketshezi.