Phakathi nokukhulelwa konke (ngaphandle kwezigaba zayo zokuqala), le-fetus ihaqwe i-amniotic fluid, noma i-amniotic fluid. Le ndawo, lapho ingane ihamba khona, njenge-astronaut endaweni evulekile, ingamvikeli emithonjeni yangaphandle futhi igcine izinga lokushisa elidingekile, kodwa liphinde lihlanganyele ekusetshenzisweni komzimba. Inani lama-amniotic fluid for izinyanga eziyisishiyagalolunye liyashintsha njalo, kodwa isikhathi ngasinye sokukhulelwa kukhona imigomo ye-amniotic fluid. Ukwehlukana ngendlela eyodwa noma enye kungase kusho ukuthi izithelo azilungile.
Norm of amniotic fluid ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa
Umthamo we-amniotic fluid kungaba 600-1500 ml. Inani le-amniotic fluid engaphansi kuka-500 ml libhekwa njenge-anhydrous, ngaphezu kwama-1,5-2 amalitha ayi-polyhydramnios. I-ultrasound ingasiza ekwenzeni ukuxilongwa okunembile.
Ngenkambiso ye-ultrasound, isazi esibukwayo sibhekisela inani lemithombo ngokusebenzisa ukuskena okuphambene. Uma kuningi lwamniotic fluid, i-polyhydramnios iyatholakala, uma kunamanzi amancane. Kunoma yikuphi ukuphambuka okujwayelekile, udokotela uqhuba ukuhlolwa okuphelele - ukubala inkomba ye-amniotic fluid. Ngenxa yalokhu, umgodi wesibindi uhlukaniswe ngo-4 izingxenye ezilinganayo ngemigqa emibili, enye yayo idlulela phezulu, eceleni komugqa omhlophe wokukhulelwa, kanti enye - ngokulinganayo ezingeni leveli. Engxenyeni ngayinye, isikhwama esiphezulu (isikhala samahhala esiphakathi kwodonga lwe-uterine ne-fetus) siyalinganiswa, imiphumela ifingqa, inikeza inkomba ye-amniotic fluid.
Ngesikhathi ngasinye sokukhulelwa kukhona imigomo yalesi sibonakaliso. Isibonelo, inkomba ye-amniotic fluid iyajwayelekile esikhathini esingamaviki angu-22 ka-14.5 cm, noma 145 mm (ukuguqulwa okungenzeka kufanele kufane ngaphakathi kwegebe lika 89-235 mm). Futhi emasontweni angama-32 inkomba ye-amniotic fluid izoba ngu-144 mm, ngokuphambene nobubanzi buka-77-269 mm. Imilinganiselo yemigomo yokukhulelwa ehlukene ingatholakala kuthebula lenkomba ye-amniotic fluid index .
Amniotic index fluid - okungavamile
Mayelana nokuphambuka okuvela kumkhuba usho ukuthi kwenzeka ukuthi inkomba ye-amniotic fluid iphansi noma iphezulu kunalokho kuboniswe kumanani etafula. Kokubili ama-polyhydramnios kanye nama-oligohydramnios abonisa ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukuthi i-pathologies iyathuthukiswa noma ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
Uma kwenzeka i-polyhydramnios, ingane ihlala isendaweni engalungile esibelethweni, futhi ngezinye izikhathi iphendukela emgqeni womlomo. Amniotic uketshezi olungaphezu kwamandla angathuthukisa ukukhulelwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi futhi ukubeletha ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Ukukhula kwesibeletho kuyingozi kakhulu ekulethwa kwezikhathi nasesikhathini sokuhamba kwesikhathi, okungabangela ubuthakathaka bokusebenza nokuthuthukiswa kokuphuma kwegazi.
Izimbangela eziyinhloko ze-polyhydramnios yizi:
- izinkinga (zezinhlelo ze-nervous and digestive) kanye nokungafani kwe-chromosomal ye-fetus;
- ukungakwazi ukusebenza kwe-fetoplacental;
- ukukhulelwa ngenxa ye-rhesus-conflict;
- izifo ezithathelwanayo zowesifazane okhulelwe;
- isifo sikashukela sikhuluma nabesifazane abakhulelwe.
Uma inkomba ye-amniotic fluid ibonisa ukungabi namanzi okuphawulekayo kule-trimester yesibili yokukhulelwa, kungaba khona isimo esisongela ukuphila-ukucindezelwa komgudu womlomo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingane iboshwe esibelethweni, ukunyakaza kwakhe kunqunyelwe. Izinsana ezinjalo zivame ukubhekana nezinkinga ngezijoca zomgogodla neziqhwa ngemuva kokubeletha.
Ukuthuthukiswa kokungondleki kungaholela ku:
- izinkinga ze-fetus (isimiso esinqunyiwe nezinso);
- i-hypoxia ne-hypotrophy yesisu;
- ukungakwazi ukusebenza kwe-fetoplacental;
- ukukhulelwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi;
- izifo ezithathelwanayo;
- izifo eziphakeme kakhulu ezikhulelwe;
- ukubhema.
Ngokuphambene nezinkolelo zabesifazane abathile, inani lamanzi abaphuzayo alithinti ushintsho kumthamo we-amniotic fluid ku-placenta.