Amalungiselelo anomsebenzi wokulwa namagciwane asetshenziselwa ukuphatha izifo ezibangelwa umsebenzi obalulekile wezinambuzane ezincane ze-pathogenic. Njengoba kunikezwa ukuthi ama-microbes akwazi ukuvumelanisa nemiphumela yezinto ezinjalo futhi aqhubeke nokubonisa ukumelana nawo, imithi emisha, eqinile futhi ephumelelayo ikwakhiwa.
Ama-antibiotic anamuhla avulekile
Isici seqembu lezinxusa ezicatshangelwe ukuthi ziphumelela kokubili ezincane zegram-positive negam-negative. I-antibiotics yanamuhla yesitulo sakamuva esinemisebenzi eminingi ehlukahlukene yimihlobo eminingana:
- i-monobactam (i-Azrethra);
- i-carbapenems (i-Meropenem, iMipenem, i-Primaxin, i-Cilastatin);
- i-glycopeptides (i-Teicoplanin);
- I-Oxazolidinones (i-Zyvox, i-Linezolid);
- i-fluoroquinolones (i-Avelox).
Futhi, ama-macrolides wesizukulwane sesithathu (Sumamed, Rulid, Roxithromycin), i-Fusidine ne-lincosamides (i-Lincomycin, i-Clindomycin), i-cephalosporins yesizukulwane sesithathu nesi-4 singathunyelwa ebangeni elichazwe lemithi:
- Tsefpir;
- I-Cefotaxime;
- I-Cefepime;
- I-Ceftazidime.
Phakathi kwama-aminoglycosides, umsebenzi omkhulu owenziwa yizo:
- Iepamycin;
- Sisomycin;
- I-Nethylmycin;
- I-Tobramycin;
- Amicacin .
Ama-Rifamycins:
- I-Rifamid;
- Rifocin;
- Rifampicin.
Uhlu lwezokwelapha ezikhethekile ezizukulwaneni zakamuva
Uma lesi sifo sibangelwa izinhlobo ezithile zezincane ezincane, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa ngokugxila okuncane. Lezi zidakamizwa zihlanganisa i-penicillin entsha:
- I-benzylpenicillin;
- Novobiocin;
- Ristomycin;
- Bacitracin.
Ama-bacterium angenayo amagrafu alawulwa ukwelapha nge-polymyxins (E, M), ama-antibiotic e-polyene:
- Levorin;
- I-Nystatin;
- Amphotericin B.
Ukulwa nezikhunta ezisetshenziswa:
- I-Mycoheptin;
- Amphoglucamine;
- Griseofulvin;
- Diflucan;
- I-Ankotil.
I-antibiotics yanamuhla ye-bronchitis ne-pneumonia
I-pathologies yokuvuvukala yendlela yokuphefumula iphathwa ngezidakamizwa zokulwa nezifo, kuye ngokuthi i-pathogen. Ngakho-ke, nge-cytomegalovirus nokutheleleka kwe-pneumocystis, okulandelayo kunqunywe:
- I-Ganciclovir;
- Cotrimoxazole;
- I-Cytotect;
- I-Acyclovir.
Uma lesi sifo siphucwa isikhunta, i-Fluconazole isetshenziselwa ukufana ne-cephalosporins yesizukulwane sesithathu (Ceftazidime, Ceftriaxone).
I-predominance ye-Gram-positive bacteria ye-coccal ihilela ukwamukela:
- i-carbapines (i-Meronem, i-Tienam);
- cephalosporins wesizukulwane sesine (Cefilin).
Ngaphambi kwamagciwane amakhulu-gram:
- aminoglycosides (Netilmicin, Izepamycin, Amikacin, iTobramycin);
- cephalosporins wesizukulwane sesithathu (i-Cefotaxime).
Ukutheleleka kwama-anaerobic kudinga ukusebenzisa i-penicillins (i-Linkomycin).
Uma kwenzeka inkambo ye-inypical yesifo kanye ne-predominance ye-microorganisms ye-intracellular, ama-macrolides anqunywe:
- I-Roxithromycin;
- I-Meadecamycin;
- Kuhlanganiswe ;
- I-Clarithromycin.