Abaphostoli abangu-12 - amagama nezenzo zabaphostoli abangu-12 bakaJesu Kristu

Phakathi neminyaka yokuphila kwakhe, uJesu wathola abalandeli abaningi, phakathi kwabo ababengekhona nje abantu abavamile, kodwa nabamele abakhokheli benkosi. Abanye befuna ukuphulukiswa, kanti abanye babenesithakazelo nje. Inombolo yabantu ayidlulisela kolwazi lwakhe yayilokhu ishintsha, kodwa ngelinye ilanga wenza isinqumo.

12 abaphostoli bakaKristu

Inombolo ngqo yabalandeli bakaJesu yakhethwa ngesizathu, ngoba wayefuna abantu beTestamente Elisha, njengaseTestamente Elidala, babe nabaholi abangokomoya abangu-12. Bonke abafundi babengama-Israyeli, futhi babengakhanyiswa noma bacebile. Abaningi babaphostoli babengabadobi abavamile. Abafundisi baqinisekisa ukuthi wonke umuntu okholwayo kufanele abe ngekhanda ngamagama abaphostoli abangu-12 bakaJesu Kristu ngenhliziyo. Ukuze uthole ngekhanda elingcono, kutuswa ukuba "ubophe" igama ngalinye kwingxenyana ethize evela eVangeli.

Umphostoli uPetru

Umfowabo kaAndreya obizwa kuqala, ngenxa yokuthi umhlangano noKristu wenzani, waqanjwa ngokuthi uSimon. Ngokuzinikela kwakhe nokuzimisela kwakhe, wayesondelene kakhulu noMsindisi. Waqala ukuvuma uJesu, okwakubizwa ngokuthi yiLitshe (uPetru).

1. Abaphostoli bakaKristu behluke ngabalingiswa babo, ngakho uPetru wayesephila futhi eshesha ukufutheka: wanquma ukuhamba ngamanzi ukuba eze kuJesu, futhi wayinqume indlebe yesigqila eNsimini yaseGetsemane.
2. Ebusuku, lapho uKristu eboshwa, uPetru wabonisa ubuthakathaka futhi, esaba, wamphika kathathu. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile wavuma ukuthi wenza iphutha, waphenduka, futhi iNkosi yamthethelela.
3. Ngokusho kwemiBhalo, umPhrofethi wayeneminyaka engu-25 ubudala njengombhishobhi wokuqala waseRoma.
4. Emva kokufika koMoya oNgcwele uPetru, wayengowokuqala ukwenza konke ukusabalalisa nokuvunywa kwesonto.
5. Wafa ngo-67 eRoma, lapho wabethelwe esiphambanweni. Kukholelwa ukuthi ethuneni lakhe iSt. Peter's Cathedral lakhiwa eVatican.

Umphostoli uPetru

Umphostoli uJames Alfeev

Okungaziwa kakhulu ngalokhu umfundi kaKristu. Emithonjeni umuntu angathola igama elinjalo - uJacob the Lesser, owasungulwa ukuze ahlukanise nomunye umphostoli. UJacob Alfeev wayengumthelisi futhi washumayela eJudiya, futhi, kanye no-Andrew, waya e-Edessa. Kukhona izinguqulo eziningana zokufa nokungcwaba kwakhe, njengoba abanye bakholelwa ukuthi amaJuda aseMarmarik ngamatshe ngamatshe, abanye - ukuthi wabethelwe esiphambanweni endleleni eya eGibhithe. Iziqu zakhe zikhona eRoma ethempelini labaphostoli abangu-12.

Umphostoli uJames Alfeev

Umphostoli Andrew obizwa kuqala

Umfowabo omncane kaPetru waqala ukujwayelana noKristu, ngakho-ke, wayesevele waletha umfowabo kuye. Ngakho-ke, isidlaliso sakhe, obizwa ngokuthi uQala obizwa, savuka.

1. Bonke abaphostoli abayishumi nambili babesondelene noMsindisi, kodwa kuphela abathathu, wathola izenzakalo zezwe, phakathi kwabo kwakungu-Andrew obizwa kuqala.
2. Wathola isipho sokuvuka kwabafileyo.
3. Emva kokubethelwa kukaJesu, u-Andrew waqala ukufunda izintshumayelo e-Asia Minor.
4. Izinsuku ezingama-50 emva kovuko, uMoya oNgcwele wehla ngesimo somlilo wabamba abaphostoli. Lokhu kwabanika isipho sokuphulukisa kanye nesiprofetho, nethuba lokukhuluma kuzo zonke izilimi.
5. Wafa ngo-62, ngemuva kokubethelwa esiphambanweni esiphambanweni, wabopha izandla nezinyawo ngezintambo.
6. Lezi zinhlamvu zikhona esontweni lamaKatolika esedolobheni lase-Amalfi e-Italy.

Umphostoli Andrew obizwa kuqala

Umphostoli uMathewu

Ekuqaleni, uMathewu wasebenza njengomqoqo wemisebenzi, futhi umhlangano noJesu wenziwa emsebenzini. Kukhona isithombe sikaCaravaggio "uMphostoli uMathewu", lapho umhlangano wokuqala noMsindisi uvela khona. Ungumfowabo womphostoli uJakobe u-Alpha.

1. Abantu abaningi bayazi uMathewu ngenxa yeVangeli, engabizwa ngokuthi i-biography kaKristu. Isisekelo kwakuyizisho eziqondile zoMsindisi, okwakushiwo umphostoli njalo.
2. Ngelinye ilanga, uMathewu wadala isimangaliso ngokubamba induku emhlabathini, futhi kusukela kulo kukhula umuthi onothile okungakaze kube khona, futhi ngaphansi kwawo waqala ukugeleza umfula. Lo mphostoli waqala ukushumayeza kubo bonke ababonela ubufakazi bokuzibonela abathola ubhapathizo emthonjeni.
3. Kuze kube manje, akukho ulwazi oluqondile lapho uMathewu efa khona.
4. Lezi zingxube zikhona ethuneni elingaphansi komhlaba ethempelini laseSan Matteo eSalerno, e-Italy.

Umphostoli uMathewu

Umphostoli uJohane uMfundisi Wezinkolo

UJohn wathola isidlaliso sakhe ngenxa yokuthi nguye umbhali wezinye zeVangeli ezine ze-Canonical and Apocalypse . Ungumfowabo omncane omphostoli uJakobe. Kwakucatshangwa ukuthi bobabili abazalwane babe nomoya okhuni, oshisayo futhi ophuthumayo.

1. UJohn ungumzukulu kumyeni weVirgin.
2. Umphostoli uJohane wayengumfundi othandekayo futhi ngakho wabizwa nguJesu uqobo.
3. Ngesikhathi sokubethelwa, uMsindisi phakathi kwabaphostoli abangu-12 wakhetha uJohn ukuba anakekele uMama wakhe.
4. Ngenkatho, kwadingeka ashumayele e-Efesu nakwamanye amadolobha ase-Asia Minor.
5. Wayenomfundi owachaza zonke izintshumayelo zakhe, ezisetshenziselwa isAmbulo neVangeli.
6. Eminyakeni eyi-100, uJohn wayala abafundi bakhe abayisikhombisa ukuba babambe umgodi ngesimo sesiphambano bese bewufaka khona lapho. Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa kamuva, ngethemba lokuthola izinsalela eziyisimangaliso zomgodi, kwakunconywe ngaphandle, kodwa kwakungekho umzimba lapho. Unyaka ngamunye ethuneni wathola umlotha, owaphilisa abantu kuzo zonke izifo.
7. UJohn Theologicalist wangcwatshwa edolobheni lase-Efesu, lapho kukhona ithempeli elizinikezele kuye.

Umphostoli uJohane uMfundisi Wezinkolo

Umphostoli Thomas

Igama lakhe langempela nguJuda, kodwa ngemva komhlangano, uKristu wamqamba ngokuthi "uTomas", okuhunyushwa ngokuthi "Twin." Ngokusho ukuthi kwakungumkhankaso olwa noMsindisi, kodwa kwakukhona ukufana kwangaphandle noma okunye okungaziwa.

1. UThomas wajoyina abaphostoli abangu-12 lapho eneminyaka engu-29 ubudala.
2. Amandla amakhulu okuhlaziya ayebhekwa njengamandla amakhulu, ahlanganiswe nesibindi esingenasibindi.
3. Phakathi kwabaphostoli abangu-12 bakaJesu Kristu, uTomase wayengomunye walabo ababengekho ekuvukeni kukaKristu. Futhi wathi kuze kube yilapho ebona konke ngamehlo akhe, akayikukholwa, ngakho-ke kuvela isidlaliso - ongakholwayo.
4. Ngemuva kwesabelo, waya ensimini eya eNdiya. Waze waze wakwazi ukuvakashela eChina izinsuku ezimbalwa, kodwa wabona ukuthi ubuKrestu bekungeke bube nezimpande lapho, ngakho washiya.
5. Ngezintshumayelo zakhe, uTomas waphendukela kuKristu indodana nendodana yombusi waseNdiya, lapho athunjwa khona, ehlushwa, bese egwazwa ngemikhonto emihlanu.
6. Izingxenye zezinhlamvu zomphostoli ziseNdiya, eHungary, e-Italy naseNtabeni Athos.

Umphostoli Thomas

Umphostoli uLuka

Ngaphambi kokuhlangana noMsindisi, uLuka wayeyingxenye kaSt. Peter nodokotela odumile owasiza abantu ukuba baphunyuke ekufeni. Ngemva kokufunda ngoKristu, wafika entshumayelweni yakhe futhi ekugcineni waba umfundi wakhe.

1. Phakathi kwabaphostoli abangu-12 bakaJesu, uLuka wayehlukaniswa nemfundo yakhe, ngakho wafunda ngokugcwele umthetho wamaJuda, wayazi ifilosofi yaseGreece nezilimi ezimbili.
2. Emva kokufika koMoya oNgcwele, uLuka waqala ukushumayela, futhi isiphephelo sakhe sokugcina saba Thebes. Lapho, ngaphansi komyalo wakhe, kwakhiwa isonto, lapho waphulukisa khona abantu ezifweni ezihlukahlukene. Abahedeni bawubeka esihlahleni somnqumo.
3. Ukubiza kwabaphostoli abangu-12 kwakukhona ekusakazeni ubuKristu emhlabeni wonke, kodwa ngaphandle kwalokhu, uLuka wabhala enye yamaVangeli amane.
4. Lo mphostoli wayengu-saint wokuqala owadweba izithombe, futhi wahlonipha odokotela nabadwebi.

Umphostoli uLuka

Umphostoli uPhilip

Ngesikhathi esemusha, uFiliphu wafunda izincwadi ezihlukahlukene, kuhlanganise neTestamente Elidala. Wayazi ngokuza kukaKristu, ngakho wayelindele ukuhlangana naye, njengokungathi akekho omunye. Enhliziyweni yakhe uthando olukhulu neNdodana kaNkulunkulu, ekwazi ngemicabango yakhe engokomoya, ebizwa ukuba imlandele.

1. Bonke abaphostoli bakaJesu bakhazimulisa uthisha wabo, kepha uFiliphu wabona kuye kuphela ukubonakaliswa kwabantu okuphezulu. Ukuze amsindise ekuntulekeni kokholo, uKristu wanquma ukwenza isimangaliso. Wakwazi ukondla inani elikhulu labantu abanezinkwa ezinhlanu nezinhlanzi ezimbili. Ebona lesi simangaliso, uFiliphu wavuma amaphutha akhe.
2. Umphostoli waphuma phakathi kwabanye abafundi ngokuthi wayengenamahloni okucela uMsindisi imibuzo ehlukahlukene. Emva kwesidlo sakusihlwa wamcela ukuba abonise iNkosi. UJesu waqinisekisa ukuthi munye noYise.
3. Emva kokuvuka kukaKristu, uFiliphu wahamba isikhathi eside, enza izimangaliso futhi ephilisa abantu.
4. Lo mphostoli washona wabethelwe esiphambanweni ngenxa yokuthi wasindisa umfazi wombusi waseHiyalapolis. Ngemva kwalokhu, ukuzamazama komhlaba kwaqala lapho abahedeni nabaphathi babulawa khona ngokubulala.

Umphostoli uPhilip

Umphostoli Bartholomew

Ngokombono ongavumelani wezazi zeBhayibheli, ezichazwe eVangelini likaJohane, uNathanayeli nguBartholomew. Wayebhekwa njengowesine phakathi kwabaphostoli abangu-12 abangcwele bakaKristu, futhi uFiliphu wamletha.

1. Emhlanganweni wokuqala noJesu, uBartholomew wayengakholelwa ukuthi uMsindisi wayekhona ngaphambi kwakhe, bese uJesu emtshela ukuthi uyambona ethandaza futhi ezwa izikhalo zakhe, okwenza umphostoli wesikhathi esizayo ashintshe ingqondo yakhe.
2. Ngemva kokuphela kokuphila kukaKristu emhlabeni, umphostoli waqala ukushumayela ivangeli eSiriya nase-Asia Minor.
3. Izenzo eziningi zabaphostoli abangu-12 zabangela intukuthelo phakathi kwababusi, babulawa, bathinta lokhu noBartholomew. Watholwa umyalo wenkosi yase-Armenia Astyages, wabe esebethelwe esiphambanweni, kodwa waqhubeka eshumayela. Khona-ke, kangangokuthi akathuli okuhle, wakhumula isikhumba sakhe waqeda ikhanda lakhe

Umphostoli Bartholomew

Umphostoli uJakobe Zebedee

Umfowabo omdala kaJohn uMfundisi Wezombusazwe uthathwa njengombhishobhi wokuqala waseJerusalema. Ngeshwa, kodwa ayikho ulwazi mayelana nokuthi uJakobe wahlangana kanjani noJesu kuqala, kodwa kukhona inguqulo abayifakelwa ngumphostoli Matvey. Bahlangana nomfowenu bebesondelene noMfundisi, okwabacela ukuba bacele iNkosi ukuba ihlale phansi ngezandla zombili kanye naye eMbusweni weZulwini. Wabatshela ukuthi babeyohlupheka nosizi ngenxa yegama likaKristu.

1. Abaphostoli bakaJesu Kristu babehamba ngezinyathelo ezithile, futhi uJakobe wayebhekwa njengowesishiyagalolunye kwabayishumi nambili.
2. Ngemva kokuphela kokuphila kwasemhlabeni kukaJesu, uJakobe waya ekushumayeleni eSpain.
3. Owukuphela kwabaphostoli abangu-12 abafa ngokuchazwe ngokuningiliziwe eTestamenteni Elisha, lapho kuthiwa iNkosi uHerode imbulale ngenkemba. Lokhu kwenzeka ngasekupheleni konyaka 44.

Umphostoli uJakobe Zebedee

Umphostoli Simon

Umhlangano wokuqala noKristu wenziwa endlini kaSimoni, lapho uMsindisi ephendula amanzi abe yiwayini phambi kwabantu. Emva kwalokho umphostoli wesikhathi esizayo ukholwa kuKristu futhi wamlandela. Wanikezwa igama - intshiseko (intshiseko).

1. Emva kokuvuswa, bonke abaphostoli bakaKristu abangcwele baqala ukushumayela, futhi uSimoni wenza lokhu ezindaweni ezahlukene: iBrithani, i-Armenia, iLibya, iGibhithe kanye nabanye.
2. Inkosi yaseGeorgia inkosi u-Aderki yayingumhedeni, ngakho wayala ukuba abambe uSimon, owahlukunyezwa isikhathi eside. Kunolwazi olwalubethelwe esiphambanweni noma oluthathwa ngefayela. Wangcwatshwa eduze komhume, lapho achitha iminyaka yokugcina yokuphila kwakhe.

Umphostoli Simon

Umphostoli uJudasi Iskariyoti

Kukhona izinguqulo ezimbili ezivela emvelaphi kaJuda, ngakho-ke ngokusho kokuqala kukholelwa ukuthi wayengumfowabo omncane kaSimoni, kanti owesibili - ukuthi nguye kuphela ozelwe eJudiya phakathi kwabaphostoli abangu-12, ngakho-ke wayengabanye abafundi bakaKristu.

1. UJesu wamisa uJuda umgcinimafa womphakathi, okungukuthi, walahla iminikelo.
2. Ngokusho kolwazi olukhona, umphostoli uJuda ubhekwa njengomfundi oshisekayo kaKristu.
3. UJuda nguye kuphela owamlandela uMsindisi ngezicucu zesiliva ezingu-30 futhi kusukela ngalesosikhathi wayeseyisigebengu. Ngemva kokubethelwa esiphambanweni, waphonsa imali futhi wabenqaba. Kuze kube manje, izingxabano zenziwa ngokuqondene nesenzo sangempela sesenzo sakhe.
4. Kukhona izinguqulo ezimbili zokufa kwakhe: wakwazi ukuzitholela izikhwebu futhi wajeziswa, wawela ekufeni.
5. Ngama-1970, i-papyrus yatholwa eGibhithe, lapho kwachazwa khona ukuthi uJuda wayengumfundi kaKristu kuphela.

Umphostoli uJudasi Iskariyoti