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Impucuko ishintshe ubuso bomhlaba nabantu abahlala kuzo zonke izingxenye zawo. Ngakho-ke kulo lonke lama-XX leminyaka, izizwe eziningi zase-Afrika zalahlekelwa yizo, zibonisa kuphela ukugcinwa kwendlela yokuphila yasendulo ngokusiza izivakashi. Kodwa kukhona okuhlukile: enyakatho yeNamibia kuhlala isizwe samaHimba, lapho intuthuko kanye nezinzuzo zempucuko zingenamandla.
Ulwazi jikelele
I-Himba - isizwe sase-Afrika eNamibia, isibalo saso singekho abantu abayizinkulungwane ezingama-50. Lesi sizwe asibala iminyaka, azi ukuthi ubudala sini, futhi amakhulu eminyaka agcina amasiko, ehlonipha okhokho babo. Kwaphela isikhathi eside, abantu besizwe abazange baxhumane nabantu abamhlophe, futhi bambalwa ababazi ngabo. Isizwe seHimba kusukela ekhulwini le-16 liholela ekuhlaleni okuhlala phakathi kwabantu, okwenza izinkomo zizalwe. Bakha izinhlobo ezikhethekile zemfuyo ezibiza isikhathi eside ngaphandle kwamanzi. Imfuyo - leli yilifa eliyinhloko nengcebo, okuyilapho ukudla kungacatshangwa khona. "Imali ayinikezi impilo entsha," kusho abantu besizwe sama-African Himba.
Ukuphila namasiko
Isizwe senkambama sibheka ngokucophelela amasiko , sikhulekela imiphefumulo kanye namathuna okhokho noNkulunkulu omkhulu. Baye bahlala ngokuthula amakhulu eminyaka ehlane ephethe ukuntuleka okukhulu kwamanzi. Ezingubo zokugqoka zibopha izikhumba zezilwane, zigcinwe emzimbeni onamahlombe. Izindiza, zikhiphe amathanga abo, zibuyisele izitsha. Abantu baseHimba banolwazi oluyingqayizivele mayelana nendoda nemvelo, badluliselwa futhi bagcwaliswa ngezizukulwane ngezizukulwane. Ngemali ekuthengisweni kwezilwane, bathengwa ufulawa wamacembe, ushukela namaswidi ezinganeni. Imali engenayo encane iletha ukuthengiswa kwemikhumbuzo nemisebenzi yezandla ezokuvakasha.
Ukusakaza kwemithwalo yemindeni
Ukusatshalaliswa kwemisebenzi esizweni sakwaHimba kuhluke kakhulu kulabo esijwayele khona:
- umholi uyinhloko yesizwe samaHimba, onomsebenzi wakhe ukugcina imini nobusuku. Umlilo ongcwele ubonisa ubunye bomoya wesizwe, ngaphandle kwalokhu ukuxhumana phakathi kwabafileyo nalabo abaphila manje. Lesi siko sesizwe samaHimba sinikeza ukuchuma nokuphila kwabantu. Umlilo uvaliwe kuphela lapho kwenzeka ukufa komgcini walo. Umholi ubukele ukugcinwa kwemithetho namasiko ngesikhathi somshado, ukuzalwa kwengane kanye neminye imikhuba yesizwe samaHimba egqoke isongo esikhethekile se "erenge" esiqinisekisa igunya lakhe;
- Amadoda awawunzima ngemisebenzi. Bazuza umndeni emva kweminyaka engama-30, bebevele bebaningi abantwana ngaleso sikhathi. Bavunyelwe ukuba nabesifazane abangaba ngu-4, futhi abaholi bangakwazi ukukhokhela ngisho no-6! Ngisho nabakhulukazi basendulo bayashada, "beboleka" abafazi babo ebusuku ebusuku emadodaneni abo. Ukugcina amadoda ayisikhombisa avunyelwe, angahamba kuphela ngezinkomo zezimbuzi nezimbuzi. Uma umyeni engekho ekhaya isikhathi eside, ngeke abonise umkakhe noma yiziphi izimangalo zokuhlubuka. Lapho ebuya, lowo oshade naye ngeke aze ahlambalaze ngisho nomkakhe, futhi ngokuzothatha athathe ingane engeyona ingane;
- Abesifazane besizwe sakwaHimba benza konke: bahlala endlini, banakekele imfuyo, banakekele izingane, bakhe izindlu ("kraal"), benze izinto futhi bakhiphe amanzi. Futhi, izinkuni zivuna futhi izingubo nezindwangu zenziwe. Izingane ziyabasiza kuzo zonke izinto.
- izingane zeHimba ziyisiqhenya sesizwe. Izinwele zezingane ziphuziwe, omdala ushiywe isikhwama esincane. Amantombazane agqoka amabhande amancane aqoshiwe ebunzini. Ngemuva kokulahlekelwa ubuntombi babo, bahlanganisa ama-braids emuva. Abafana abaneminyaka engama-12 banqoba amazinyo ama-2 noma ama-4 aphansi phakathi nomkhosi wokuba umuntu omdala, okusolakala ukuthi ubahlinzeka ngokuvikeleka ezingozini nasekuphathweni kokhokho babo.
Ukubukeka
Kunakekelwa kakhulu ekubukeni, ngoba kuthatha indima enkulu esizweni sakwaHimba, kubonisa isimo emphakathini nakwezinye izigaba zokuphila.
Ezinye izibonelo ezithakazelisayo:
- Amadoda ashadile agqoke ingubo, nabesifazane emakhanda abo benza umqhele womqhele owenziwe ngezikhumba zezimbuzi;
- abesifazane besigodini saseHimba bazibukela ngokucophelela, benakekela isikhumba nezinwele. Bembatha iziketi ezifushane ezenziwe ngesikhumba esithambile kanye nezingubo eziningi ezenziwe ngethusi, amaparele, amagobolondo. Ede kakhulu futhi encane, enezici ezibucayi, amehlo e-alimondi kanye nokuhleleka okuhle kakhulu, ingahle isebenze kalula ezinhlobonhlobo zeParis. Baxubha umzimba wabo ngomxube "omlingo" obomvu-orange ovikela isikhumba sabo ezinambuzaneni nasebusweni obushisayo. Benza kusukela emadwaleni edwala le-volcanic, abaphendulela libe yi-powder, namafutha avela ubisi lwezinkomo, futhi bengeze umlotha, i-elixirs ezivela ezitshalweni nase-ocher. Ngenxa yalokhu, isikhumba sowesifazane siba lula ngokunethezeka futhi siphunga elimnandi. Ezingxenyeni, zigqoka ubucwebe, okuyihlobo lomculo wendandatho yomshado, ungafunda futhi ngenani lezingane. Lezi zinqubo zaminyaka eminyaka zivumela abesifazane besintu ukuba bahlale behle kunazo zonke phakathi kwezizwe zase-Afrika. Esithombeni esingezansi owesifazane uyisigqoko kuyo yonke inkazimulo yayo.
Amaqiniso anentshisekelo
Mayelana nokuphila kwesigxobo sesizwe esiyingqayizivele kuyolandisa imininingwane enjalo:
- Amathole anezinyosi ezakhiwe ngezihlahla ezincane namaqabunga esundu, ahlanganiswa nengxube yomquba nobumba;
- abantu besizwe bangalokothi bahlambe, zonke iziphuzo zamanzi baphuza;
- umhlali ngamunye unegama lesibili elithi "European";
- Awekho amalungiselelo ngaphakathi kwendawo yokuhlala, kukhona i-mattress kuphela;
- Ngemuva kwezwe, isizwe samaHimba siya kwenye indawo.
Ungavakashela kanjani isizwe samaHimba?
Bonke labo abafisa ukuvakashela umuzi waseHimba kumele baqale edolobheni lase-Opuvo. Kulapho udinga ukuqasha i-SUV uhambo lwamahora amathathu eceleni komgwaqo C 41. Hamba ngcono nomqondisi wendawo oyoxoxa nomholi wesizwe mayelana nokuvakashelwa. Abantu baseHimba banabantu abanobuhle nabomomothekayo. Abafuni nanoma iyiphi inzuzo ekuvakasheni kwakho futhi abadingi konke abangakaze bakwenze.