Ezimotweni zemishini eyisisekelo, azikho amadivaysi okuvikela ngokugcwele ingane. Izivivinyo eziningi ezichotshozayo zibonisa ukuthi amabhande ajwayelekile awagcini izingane ezingozini ngisho nasezikhaleni ezibukhali ekuqaleni kokuhamba noma ngesikhathi sokuqhuma.
Kungani ngidinga isihlalo semoto?
Izesekeli ezichazwe (i-karsit) zenzelwe ngqo ukuqinisekisa induduzo nokuphepha okuphelele kwengane emotweni . Umklamo wabo unikeza ukunakekelwa okuthembekile kwengane ngaphandle kokuyekethisa ukusebenza kwayo. Ukuthuthwa kwezingane esihlalweni semoto kuyadingeka ngezizathu ezilandelayo:
- Ukuvikelwa kwemvuthu ngesikhathi sezingozi zomgwaqo. Ukuhlola ukusebenzisa ama-mannequins wezingane kuqinisekisa ukuthi ngaphandle kwedivaysi okucatshangelwa ngengozi ingane izothola ukulimala kakhulu noma okulimazayo.
- Ukuvimbela imidlalo eyingozi. Uma kungekho abantu abadala kulezi zihlalo ezingemuva, izingane zihlala zingalindelekile futhi zingahlanganyela ezintweni ezingathandeki.
- Ukuphepha komshayeli nabanye abagibeli. Njengoba sisesigodini semoto ngaphandle kwesihlalo somoto, umuntu ongavamile ngeke aphenduke noma abuke esibukweni ukuze aqaphele ingane ebhekene nengemuva. Iziphazamiso ezinjalo zenza kube nzima ukugxila emgwaqeni futhi ngokuvamile kuholele ezingozini.
Izinhlobo zezihlalo zezimoto zezingane
Izesekeli ezinikezwe kuqoqo lwemithetho yokunyakaza zibizwa ngokuthi amadivayisi wokugcina. Lezi azibandakanyi kuphela isihlalo semoto esincane sezingane, kodwa futhi namadivayisi alandelayo:
- ukuhlala okungenasici;
- imoto ;
- isikhuthazo .
Isihlalo somoto esingenasici
Le nto ibukeka njengendwangu yokuhlala enezingqimba ezincane zokugcwalisa izithambile nezintipho. Isihlalo sezimoto esingenasici sithole ukuthandwa ngenxa yezindleko zayo eziphansi nokuhlanganiswa. Kuthatha isikhala esincane ekuthuthweni, ungafaka izingcezu eziningana. Idivayisi ihlelwe esihlalweni esihleliwe somshini ngosizo lwamabhande akhethekile.
Izihlalo zezimoto zezingane ezicatshangelwayo ziphansi kakhulu ngokwezokuphepha ezikhethweni ezijwayelekile ngesisekelo esiqinile. Abanalo ukuvikelwa kwekhanda kanye nokugqithisa imicibisholo, ingane ihlezi phansi kakhulu futhi idlule ibhande njalo eduze kobuso bayo. Lolu hlobo lwezesekeli luvunyelwe kuphela uma kungekho imali eyanele yedivaysi ephethe ikhwalithi enefreyimu.
Imoto yemoto ihlala ngesimo sokulala
Isikhundla esivelele esinqunyiwe sinikezwa kuphela ngesisu esikhethekile sezingane, esibekwe esihlalweni somshini. Noma yimuphi umoto wemoto uhlala ubuthongo uhlala kancane, ngo-7-9 cm. Ingane okukuyo ihlezi isigamu, kodwa ingamanga. Kulawo madivaysi echazwe abantwana, abantwana abakhululekile kakhulu ukulala ekuqaleni, kodwa ekugcineni bajwayele futhi bangaphonsa emgwaqweni.
Isihlalo sobukhulu bezimoto
Ukuhlukahluka okuchaziwe kwezesekeli zezingane akubheki ngisho nakumadivayisi wokuvimbela. I-booster esilula i-lining encane ngaphansi kwembongolo. Kubalulekile ukwandisa izinga lapho umntwana ehlala khona. Lokhu kuzovikela ingane ngebhande evamile endaweni efanele. Ochwepheshe bathi bathenga amadivaysi anjalo kuphela kubantwana abakhulile abayisisindo esingama 13-15 kg. Kungcono ukuthenga isihlalo somoto nge-isofix (uhlelo lokulungisa kanzima) ukuze umcamelo ungahambisani lapho ushayela.
Izihlalo zezimoto zezingane
Imishini yokuphepha ibhekwa ihlukaniswa ngokuvumelana nezici zomzimba zengane. Izihlalo zezimoto zezingane ezineminyaka yobudala nesisindo zihlukaniswe ngamaqembu, ezikhethwe izinombolo ezivela ku-0 kuya ku-3. Uhlobo ngalunye luhambisana nezinkomba zalo zesisindo somzimba esinconywayo nokuphakama kwengane. Izihlalo zezimoto zezingane zamaqembu ahlukene zithatha izici zokufakwa. Ezinye ziqondiswe ngokumelene nesiqondiso sokunyakaza, kanti ezinye zisendleleni.
Isihlalo sezimoto ezinganeni zeqembu 0
Lolu hlobo lokuvimbela lwenzelwe abashayeli abasengozini kakhulu nabancane. Isihlalo sezimoto ezinsana zikhona izinhlobo ezimbili - ukuzala nokuthwala. Ukuqala kokusebenza kwezingubo zezingane akuzange kudlule noma yikuphi ukuhlolwa okuchotshozayo, idivayisi ngenkathi ingozi iphenduka futhi ihlukane. Uhlobo lwesibili lubhekwa njengedivayisi ephephile. Unomumo ogobile, lapho usana lubekwe khona esimweni esingcono kakhulu sokuphila nokunethezeka kuye.
Ukuhamba kwezimoto ezihamba ngemoto kufakwe i-roller ekhethekile ephansi, ngokuphatha kahle ikhanda lomntwana osanda kuzalwa. Bahlomele uhlelo olwengeziwe lokuvikela emaphethelweni nasezinhlangothini, amabhande amathathu-noma ama-5-amaphuzu. Amadivaysi ezinjalo ezinjalo afakwe ngokuphambene nokuqondisa kokuhamba nokuthembela ukulungisa umntwana ekartini, ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwawo nokunethezeka okuphelele.
I-Car Seat Group 1
Lolu hlobo lwezesekeli lubhekene nomumo wesigaba: ibhokisi lepulasitiki elinesihlalo samandla nesitoreji esihlalweni esithambile esinezintambo. Lesi sihlalo semoto senzelwe izingane kusukela ngonyaka owodwa kuya eminyakeni engu-3.5-4 enesisindo esingu-8.5-18 kg (kuxhomeke ekugqeni kwengane). Idivayisi ifakwe ukuze ingane ihlezi ebusweni, ngokuhambisana nokuhamba komshini. Amanye amakarite angashintshwa - ukwanda ngobubanzi nokuphakama, ubuyele emuva kokulala noma ukwenza imisebenzi yokulala.
Isihlalo semoto sezingane - iqembu 2
Amadivaysi achazwayo aklanyelwe izingane zasenkulisa (iminyaka engu-4-7). Ekubukeni, zifana neqembu lokuqala lokuvimbela, kodwa zinebubanzi obubanzi. Kunconywa ukuthenga isihlalo esinjalo semoto sezingane ezisuka ku-15 kg nangaphezulu (kufika ku-25 kg). Ingemuva layo lingashintshwa ekuphakameni, imingcele kanye nesimo sezingxenye ezihlangothini, izibambiso zokuzivikela kanye nokuhamba ngezinyawo zishintshwa ngokungeziwe.
Izihlalo zezingane zeqembu elikhulunywayo zivame ukuba nenqubo yokulungisa imithombo yasentwasahlobo kanye nokuma kwe-anatomical kwesihlalo. Lokhu kuyadingeka ekulungiseni umntwana endaweni efanele, ngaphandle kokucindezeleka okwandayo emgodini nasemqaleni. Ingane izobe ikhululekile kakhulu kule karsite, futhi uma okutholakala kwengane ifakwe indlela yokuguqula, lo mncane uzokwazi ngisho nokulala emgwaqweni.
I-Car Seat 3 Group
Uhlobo lwezinto zokuphepha ezicatshangelwayo yi-booster noma isikhwama esincane esinesizinda esiqinile esihlalweni. Isisindo, okuyinto ngaphandle kokulimala esakhiweni sikwazi ukumelana nesihlalo somoto esinjalo - kuze kufike ku-36 kg. Yenzelwe izingane zesikole kuze kube ngu-148-150 cm ubude, uma ingane ide, ingasebenzisa amabhande avamile emotweni ngaphandle kwezinkinga. Kumele kudlule phakathi kwentamo ne-collarbone, futhi kusukela ngezansi ukulungisa isifuba ngezansi kwesisu.
Isihlalo semoto esivela ku-9 kuya ku-36 kg sisebenza njengesigaba sokushintsha phakathi kwekarsit ekhishwayo kanye nesihlalo esakhelwe. Iziphakamiso zinconywa ukuthi zithengwe kuphela uma ingane iqonda indlela yokuziphatha kahle emotweni, ayizigcini futhi ayizame ukuqeda amabhande. Bafundisa ingane ukuba ihlale iguqa, ihlezi phansi kunoma yikuphi (kuhlanganise nesihlalo) emotweni, futhi inakekele ukuphepha kwayo.
Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthi izihlalo zezimoto zezingane ezivela ku-15 kuya ku-36 kg zaziyi-orthopedic. Ifomu elungile le-booster liqinisekisa ukuthi ingane ayiyona nje kuphela into elula, kodwa futhi ivimbela ukutholakala kwamathambo womgogodla. Izinhlobo zanamuhla zalezi zigxobo ezihlalweni zihlome izibhamu eziphathekayo eziphathekayo ezinomshini ophansi futhi oguquguqukayo nezembozo ezikhishwayo ezilula ukugeza.
Ukuphepha kwezihlalo zezimoto zezingane
Izinga lokuvikelwa kwengane lixhomeke kwikhwalithi yedivaysi yokuvimbela nokuhambisana kwayo namazinga angaphandle. Izihlalo ezingcono zezimoto zezingane ziphawulwe ngomumo we-ECE R44 / 03 noma u-ECE R44 / 04. Kumele ziqinisekiswe ngokomthetho ezweni lapho zithengwa khona. Ungahlola izinga lokuphepha ngokubheka izivivinyo ezichotshozayo zama karsiti zezingane. Ekupheleni kokuhlolwa, ochwepheshe banikezwa ngezinga le-5-iphuzu lamadivayisi.
Ungakhetha kanjani isihlalo semoto yengane?
Ngaphambi kokuya esitolo noma ukuyala ukuvimbela ingane kusayithi elifanele, kubalulekile ukwazi indlela yokukhetha umkhiqizo. Into yokuqala ebonisa ukuthi isihlalo somoto siyadingeka kangakanani iminyaka yengane kanye nesisindo somzimba wakhe. Lezi zimingcele zizosiza ukunquma iqembu lama-karsiti, ukuma kwawo nendlela yokufaka (ekuqondeni ukushayela noma ngokumelene nayo). Khona-ke kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa izincomo ukuthi ungakhetha kanjani izihlalo zemoto zezinga eliphezulu:
- Qinisekisa ukutholakala kwamazinga okuphepha nezitifiketi zangaphakathi.
- Hlola indlela yokulungisa. Iningi lama-karsiti alungiswa ngamabhande emoto, kodwa uhlelo lwe-Isofix lungcono kakhulu - olwakhiwe ngaphakathi kokukhiya kwensimbi ngamalokhi axhuma emakhonini esihlalweni semoto. Izilinganiso zaseMelika naseCanada zale ndlela zinguLATCH, Canfix, UAS kanye ne-UCSSS.
- Hlola amandla amabhande, izikhwebu nezinsimbi zokuzibopha. Ingane akufanele ikwazi ukuhlanganisa okuthile noma iphume karakite.
- Hlola ukutholakala kwesevisi. Ungacela umntwana ngokwakhe, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uzizwa ekhululekile esihlalweni sakhe siqu.
- Thola ukuthi yini eyenziwe yile divayisi. Zonke izinto ezisetshenziselwa ukusetshenziswa kufanele zibe yi-hypoallergenic futhi ezingekho ezinobuthi, zihlanzwe kahle futhi zingacasuli isikhumba semvuthu.
- Cabanga ngesakhiwo. I-apulasitiki eshibhile ne-styrofoam edaywe ngisho nokuphathwa okungenakekelwa, futhi ngesikhathi seyingozi izoba izicucu. Kubalulekile ukuthi isisekelo se-karsite siqine futhi simelane nokulimala komshini.
- Ukuthakazelisa izici zamathambo. Ingane kufanele ibe nokuhleleka okuyiyo ngendlela efanele. Lokhu kuzokusiza ukukhulula uhlangothi kusukela entanyeni, emahlombe nasemgodleni, ukuhlinzeka ingane ngokuhamba okunethezeka kanye nempilo yesistimu ye-musculoskeletal.
- Thola amavidiyo anezivivinyo ezinzima. Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuhlola idivayisi yokugcina ukubona ukuthi isebenza kanjani ngaphansi kwezimo ezimbi kakhulu. Ukulinganisa kwezingozi kuzobonisa ngokucacile indlela ephephile ngayo ikarite ekhethiwe.
Isilinganiso sezihlalo zezimoto zezingane
Usizo ekukhetheni izesekeli ezihle kungatadisha impendulo yomsebenzisi kanye nemibono yobuchwepheshe. Ukuze uthole ukuthi yisiphi isihlalo semoto okufanele ukhethe ingane, kuhle ukujwayele ukulinganisa kwabo. Abaholi eqenjini 0 ba:
- I-Recaro Young Profi Plus Isofix;
- BabySafe Plus;
- UPeg Perego Primo Viaggio;
- I-Bobobline EasyBob Maxi SPP;
- I-Chicco Synthesis X-Plus ne-AutoFix Plus;
- I-Bébé Confort Elios Safe Side ne-Creatis;
- I-Maxi-Cosi Cabrio;
- I-Britax Rock-a-Tot Plus.
IQembu Isilinganiso 1:
- Ibhebe Comfort Iseos Safe Side Isofix;
- Römer Duo Plus, Nkosi, Nkosi, Priori;
- HTS BeSafe iZi Comfort;
- I-Maxi-Cosi PrioriFix, Tobi, i-XP.
I-karsiti engcono kakhulu yeqembu 2:
- I-Römer Kid, i-VIP, i-KidFix;
- I-Concord Lift Evo, i-Lift Protect;
- I-Maxi-Cosi Rodi.
Isilinganiso se-Booster:
- I-Fisher-Price Safe Voyage;
- Isitayela seRekaro Yong;
- I-Combi Kobuk.