Inyanga yokuqala yokuphila kwengane

Ingane esanda kuzalwa ingumntwana ongakafiki enyangeni eyodwa. Isikhathi esisha somntwana esibelethwe abazali ngokuvamile sihamba njengeminithi eyodwa. Kubonakala sengathi bavele bathatha umama nengane yami esibhedlela, bavuma ukuhalalisela, bathenga konke okudingekayo, bahlangana nodadewethu ovakashele nodokotela - futhi manje uguqula unyaka owodwa ubudala. Kodwa bangaki abazali abasha abasha okufanele bafunde kule nyanga, ukuthi bangaki amakhono adingekayo nabasebenzayo okumele bafunde. Ngakho, ngokubaluleka nokucebile, inyanga yokuqala yokuphila kwengane mhlawumbe ibaluleke kunazo zonke, kokubili yena kanye nonina nobaba.

Ukuthuthukiswa kwengane enenyanga

Phakathi nenyanga yokuqala yokuphila kwengane, umzimba wakhe uvumelanisa ukuba ube ngaphandle kwesibeletho esibeletha futhi esiphuthumayo somama. Ikakhulukazi ngesonto lokuqala ngemuva kokuzalwa, umzimba wezingane uchitha umzamo omkhulu kulolu hlobo, ngakho-ke ezinsukwini zakuqala ingane, njengokubusa, ilahlekelwa amagremu angu-400 (kuze kube ngu-10% wesisindo somzimba). Ekuqaleni kweviki lesibili ingane iqala ukuthola isisindo. Ngokuvamile, ukunyuswa kwansuku zonke ku-20-30 g, isb. ngenyanga yokuqala yokuphila ingane kufanele ingeze ibe ngu-500 g. Uma unomntwana okhethekile esikhaleni ekhaya ukulawula. Kodwa-ke, ekupheleni kwenyanga yokuqala kuzodingeka uvakashele emtholampilo nomntwana, futhi lapho umntwana uzobe esilingwa udokotela wezingane. Ubuye alinganise ingane (ngenyanga yokuqala ingane kufanele ikhule ngo-3 cm, futhi ukuzungeza kwesifuba nekhanda kufanele kukhuphuke ngo-1.5-2 cm).

Ingane esanda kuzalwa inezinkomba eziyisisekelo ezilandelayo:

• uncelisa - uma uthinta izindebe zomntwana ngomunwe noma i-pacifier, uqala ukwenza ukunyakaza okunyisayo;
• cinga - uma uthinta esihlathini ingane iphendulela ikhanda kule ndawo;
• Ukubamba - uma ufaka isihloko somunwe wakho entendeni yengane yakho, uzoyiqinisa ngokuqinile;
• Moro reflex - ukuphonsa izingalo nemilenze ngokuphendula umsindo ozwakalayo;
• ukuhamba ngokushelelayo - uma ubamba izinyane ngaphansi kwesibambo phezulu ngenhla ebusweni obuqinile, lapho uthinta izinyawo zale ndawo, uzothatha izinyawo ezithinta ukuhamba.

Ukutholakala kwalokhu kanye nezinye izimo ezinengqondo emntwaneni wakho osanda kuzalwa kuzothathwa ngumvakashi wezempilo kanye nodokotela wezingane okufanele eze ekhaya lakho njalo ngesonto yonke inyanga yokuqala yokuphila kwengane. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukulawula ukuthuthukiswa kwayo.

Yini ingane engamazinyanga engayazi?

• umntwana osanda kuzalwa akakwazi ukubamba ikhanda isikhathi eside, kodwa elele esiswini sakhe, izinsana eziningi ezivele zisuka ekuzalweni kuzama ukuphakamisa ikhanda ngengxenyana yesibili noma imizuzwana embalwa;
• phakathi neviki lesibili, izinsana eziningi zingabona into ekhanyayo ehamba kancane, esendaweni engama-40-50 cm emehlweni, futhi ekupheleni kwesonto lesithathu ingane ingakwazi ukulungisa into into ejwayelekile (Yebo, lokhu ngokuyinhloko ubuso bomama noma ubaba );
• ngenyanga yokuqala yokuphila kwengane, ukuzwa kwakhe kukhula ngokujulile: ngesonto lokuqala ingane ayizwa kahle kakhulu, isabela kuphela umsindo ozwakalayo futhi okhaliphile, futhi ekupheleni kwenyanga angakwazi ukuvula ikhanda umsindo wezwi lomama noma ngisho ne-TV;
• ekupheleni kwenyanga yokuqala, abazali abaningi baqala ukubuka izingane zabo kuqala, bengajabuli ngokungazibandakanyi (ukulawula ubuso obusweni ingane izoqala kuphela ngasekupheleni kwenyanga yesibili).

Ukudla okunomntwana onenyanga enyangeni

Ezinsukwini ezingu-3-4 zokuqala umntwana usondla i-colostrum - umthamo wamanzi omzimba okhishwa emathuneni omama futhi ulandele ubisi langempela. Khona-ke ukudla okungcono kakhulu kwezimpumputhe ubisi lwebele lomama, uma, ngempela, lukhiqizwa ngokwanele. Uma kungenjalo kuyadingeka ukuba uthathe usana lube nobisi olufakelwe ubisi. Ngosuku nosana olusanda kuzalwa lungathatha u-600-700 ml ubisi noma ingxube. Ukudla kufanele kube njalo ngokwanele, ngekhefu kusuka emahoreni amabili ukuya kwangu-4. Kodwa-ke, le kid ngokwakhe uzotshela umama uma sekuyisikhathi sokumondla. Into esemqoka okufanele uyikhumbule umama wokubeletha - udinga ukuqapha umsoco wakho, ukuze ingane yobisi ithole izinto eziwusizo kakhulu. Qaphela ngemikhiqizo eyenza ukwelashwa nokuvutshelwa emathunjini - abantwana benyanga yokuqala yokuphila kakade abakwenzi lutho ngaphandle kwe-colic ezinkingeni zesisu nesikhumba.

Ezinyangeni ezintathu zokuqala zokuphila kwengane, ukubhubhisa kanye ne-colic, ngeshwa, into evamile: yini ongayenza, uhlelo lokugaya ingane luvele lufunde ukusebenza. Umama uzokwazi ukubona "imiphumela" yokuqala yomsebenzi wakhe ngosuku lwesibili noma lwesithathu, lapho isikhumba sokuqala (umnyama omnyama we-viscous meconium) sihamba futhi isihlalo somntwana siyoba uketshezi oluthe xaxa, okuphuzi, ama-mushy, afana ne-cottage shizi ngephunga elimnandi. Qaphela ukuthi akuyona into engavamile kakhulu noma evamile kakhulu (okuvamile kuvamile izikhathi ezingu-8 ngosuku, kubantu abakhethiweyo 3-4) kanti ukuhlushwa kwe-colic kuzokwehliswa ngezindlela ezikhethekile, abantu (amanzi kanye ne-fennel amanzi omama futhi umntwana) kanye nekhemisi (espumizan, bobotik, plankteks, njll).

Rash enganeni enenyanga eyodwa

Ngokuvamile isikhumba sethemba sesisu esisha, esingakajwayele izimo ezintsha, sivezwa ngokushona. Izimbangela ezenzekayo zokuqeda:

• inqubo evamile yomzimba - lokhu kubhekisela ekugqibeleni okomhlophe ekhaleni lomntwana lapho ingane izalwa khona, futhi ku-white-white-white ne-pink areola izibhamu emlonyeni okwenzeka ngeviki lokuqala lokuphila: lezi zinsalela ziyindlela eguquguqukayo yokuphendula isikhumba futhi idlula ngokwabo, ngaphandle ukwelashwa nokunakekelwa okukhethekile;
• ukungondleki, ukwelashwa kwemithi - isikhumba somntanami ngesibonakaliso sokuphulukisa ukuthi umzimba unezinto ezingagciniwe noma ezibangelwa ukwelashwa komzimba: khumbula ukuthi umama wakho akazange asebenzise noma yiziphi izifo ezingase zibe khona ezinsukwini ezingu-3 zokugcina, nokuthi ngabe ukulimala kungabangela izimonyo zezingane kanye nelineni lokulala ingane;
• amaswidi - avame ukutholakala ngemuva kwetamo, ngemuva kwezindlebe, entanyeni, emathangeni e-axillary nase-groin, emathunjini nasezinhlakeni zomntwana: izinkinga ezinjalo zisizwa ngokukhetha okulungile kwezingubo zokugqoka nezingubo (kufanele kube nokukhanya futhi mahhala), ukuguqulwa kaningi kwezingubo zokulala zezingane, ukuhlanzeka komama kanye nezinqubo zokuhlanzeka kwengane: ukugeza emanzini amancane, ukuphathwa kwezindawo eziyinkinga ngezikhwama ezikhethekile namafutha (i-beepantene, njll).

Ukunakekela ingane enyangeni

1. Ukugeza umntwana onenyanga enyangeni kuyisimiso somthetho nsuku zonke, ukuphishekela hhayi kuphela ukuhlanzeka, kodwa nezinhloso zokuthuthukisa. Njengomthetho, bathemba umntwana kusihlwa, hhayi ngaphambi kwehora ngemva kokudla. Emanzini (lokushisa kwamanzi angaba ngu-37 ° C) ezinsukwini zokuqala, engeza isisombululo esibuthakathaka se-potassium permanganate, emva kwesonto lesibili ungaya emathini ama-herbs (turning, chamomile, calendula). Ngensipho noma i-shampoo, ungakwazi ukugeza umntwana osanda kuzalwa kaningi ngaphezu kwezikhathi ezimbili ngesonto. Emva kokugeza, udinga ukubamba ngobumnene isikhumba somntwana ngethawula elithambile bese uphatha yonke imibimbi emzimbeni wezinhlanzi nge-cream cream noma ibhotela. Ukufakwa emanzini abilisiwe nge-cotton swabs, ukuhlanza amehlo omntwana. Uma kunesidingo, gxilisa ngobumnene i-bhotela ye-ukotini ne-spout (for spout, i-moisten turundas nekhamama lebisi noma isisombululo saline, ama-turunts ezindlebeni - owomile, kufanele abambe amanzi kuphela lapho egeza ezindlebeni).
2. Ukunakekelwa kwesilonda somzimba. Kungakapheli amasonto amabili emva kokukhishwa esibhedlela sokubeletha kanye ngosuku, emva kokugeza, phatha isilonda esine-cotton nge-cotton swab egalelwe isisombululo se-hydrogen peroxide, bese isilawa.
3. Indlu yangasese yasekuseni. Emva kokulala ebusuku, sula ubuso nomzimba wengane ngendwangu ebomvu noma ithawula elithambile elifakwe emanzini afudumele.
4. Amanzi okugeza. Izikhathi eziningana ngosuku, umntwana makalele amaminithi angu-1-2 enqunu. Kungcono ukuhlehlisa le nqubo ukushintsha izingubo. Qiniseka ukuthi igumbi likhululekile kulokhu lokushisa (20-22 °).

Indlela yokuthuthukisa nendlela yokujabulisa ingane enyangeni?

Eqinisweni, impendulo yale mibuzo emibili iyoba yinto evamile, ngoba izingane ezincane zikhula, zijabulisa, okungukuthi, lapho zinesithakazelo.

Ukuze uthole ukuzijabulisa nokuqeqeshwa kombono, ingane engaphezu kwenyanga inokwanele ukulenga isikhala, esifubeni nasesisu, i-pair amathoyizi akhanyayo. Kuyasiza futhi ukukhombisa futhi kancane kancane uhambise izinto ezihlukahlukene ezikhanyayo phambi kwamehlo.

Kubalulekile kusukela ezinsukwini zokuqala zokucula izingane lullabies kanye nezingoma nje - ithobisa ingane futhi ikhulise ukuzwa kwayo.

Umsebenzi omuhle wokuthuthukiswa nokuzijabulisa kwabafundi yizivocavoca. Ukuzivocavoca kwezinsana kuze kufike enyangeni engu-1 kulula futhi kuqukethe ukulandwa okulula okunembile nokwandiswa kwezibambiso nemilenze, kanye nokubeka okunye ngesisu nangemuva, ngemuva. Bobabili umama nengane bathola injabulo enkulu ekuxhumaneni okunjalo ngokomzimba, imisipha ekhulayo iqina, futhi umuzwa womzimba womuntu siqu futhi uthinta ukhula ngaphakathi.