Amathuna amaJuda

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Amathuna angamaJuda asePrague aqukethe izindaba eziningi nezimfihlakalo. Le ndawo iheha izivakashi eziningi, ngisho naphezu kobumnyama bayo. Omunye nje ufuna ukuhlola izinganekwane namahemuhemu, omunye ufisa ukwazi ukubona umlando wesifunda esidala kunazo zonke ePrague, okwenza amathuna adume kakhulu eYurophu.

Amathuna angamaJuda ePrague - umlando

Ngokusho kwezinganekwane, ukumbelwa kokuqala kwakukhona ngaphambi kwesisekelo sePrague. Usuku oluqondile alukwazi, kodwa kunokwenzeka ukuthi lokhu kwakungesikhathi sokubusa kwesikhulu sokuqala samaCzech, uBrzivoi I (cishe ngo-870). EPrague, amathuna angamaJuda asemkhawulweni wendawo yokuqala yeJosefov yamaJuda . Kuze kube manje, kutholakale ukumbelwa kusukela ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-15. kuze kube ngu-1787. Ukungcwaba kwabantu kwakwenziwe emigqeni (kuze kube yizingxenye eziyi-12), ngoba amaJuda ayevunyelwe ukungcwatshwa ngaphandle kweghetto. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi abantu abangaphezu kuka-100 abayizigidi zalesi sizwe bangcwatshwa kule mathuna, ngesikhathi esifanayo kumzuzwana wanamanje kunezinkulungwane ezingaba yizinkulungwane eziyi-12 ezisinda. Ngaphansi kwalokhu ungabona isithombe sendawo yamathuna amaJuda asePrague.

Amaqiniso anentshisekelo

Amathuna amadala angamaJuda asePrague eCzech Republic yindawo yokuphumula okuphakade kwabameleli bomphakathi wamaJuda asePrague. Mayelana nakho kuyadingeka ukwazi ezinye zezinto ezihamba phambili:

1. Itshe elidala kunazo zonke lasendulo lika-1439 lakhiwa phezu kwethuna lika-Avigdor Kara.
2. Izinto ezisemathuneni okuqala angama-sandstone, kamuva asebenzisa i-marble emhlophe ne-pink.
3. Ibhedu elidala kunazo zonke emathuneni likhona endaweni yokungcwaba kaMordechai Meisel.
4. Umsebenzi wokubuyisela usuwenziwe kusukela ngo-1975. Eceleni kwamatshe amathuna adume kakhulu yizingcezu zezikhumbuzo.
5. Umbukiso ehholo lomkhosi, ozinikezelwe emasikweni amaJuda, ungabonwa yibo bonke abavakashela emathuneni. Nazi izinto eziqoqiwe zokuphila kwamaJuda kusukela kuma-XV kuya ku-XVIII eminyaka., Ezihambisana nemikhuba yokuzalwa nokufa;
6. Ezincwadini ze-conspirologists, amathuna abonakala njengendawo yokuhlangana yabadala baseZiyoni. Kukholelwa ukuthi kwakukhona lapha ukuthi izivumelwano ezidumile namadokhumenti aqoshelwe emhlabeni wonke umbuso wamaJuda wabhalwa. U-Umberto Eco uchaza le mihlangano emsebenzini "Emathuneni asePrague" ngokuningiliziwe.

Izimpawu Ezihlukile

Ilitshe ngalinye alikhulumi nje ngabantu, kodwa futhi nesikhathi sakhe:

1. Ama-gravestones amadala kakhulu. Ziyi-design elula. Ngokuyinhloko, amacwecwe ayenziwe nge-sandstone okuyizinhlamvu ezincane noma eziqediwe. Umhlobiso kuphela kwaba ulwazi ngomuntu oshonile, obhalwe ngefonti yokuhlobisa (igama kanye nomsebenzi).
2. Izikhumbuzo zekhulu le-XVI. Kusukela kulesi sikhathi, ama-tombstones ahlanganiswa nezakhi zokuhlobisa eziqinisekisa ukuthi lowo oshonile waya ebuJudeni. Uphawu oluyinhloko kwakuyinkanyezi kaDavid. Izandla zokubusisa zavezwa emathuneni abefundisi. Ama-gravestones amaLevi ahlukaniswa yizimpawu zamabhodlela nama-teapots okuhloswe ukugeza izandla.
3. Izikhumbuzo zekhulu le-XVII. Le nkathi yamathuna emathuneni amaJuda ikuvumela ukuba ubone ukuhlolwa kokuphila komuntu oshonile. Uma umuntu enenkazimulo yegama elihle, khona-ke ethuneni lakhe kukhona umqhele. Amagilebhisi akhombisa ukuphila okucebile nokuzala.
4. Amagama. Izilwane ezihlukene emathuneni amathuna zazifanekisela igama lomuntu. Uma ingonyama iboniswa ethuneni, lo muntu wayebizwa nge-Aryeh, Leib, noma uJudas. Bear - uphawu lwamagama uBhiya, Isakari, Dov. Izinyamazane ziyiHirsch, uNaftali noma iZi. Le nyoni yayihlobisa amathuna kaSipora noma uFelila, iWolf - Wolf, uBenjamin, uZeev. Futhi kumacwecwe kukhona izimpawu zesikhumba sokuthi umuntu uhlanganyele empilweni, isibonelo, i-lancet yezokwelapha noma isikali somsila.
5. Ama-tombstones kusukela ngo-1600. Kusukela manje, izakhi ze-baroque zilandelwa ngokucacile. Amapulethi alula ahlelwe yizisekelo ezine ezinezinhlangothi ezine.

Izici zokuvakashela amathuna amaJuda ePrague

I-pogost itholakala ensimini yekota kaJosefov. Akukude namathuna angamaJuda asePrague yiSinagogeni Esidala kanye neHholo LamaJuda LaseDolobheni - izinto ezidala kunazo zonke edolobheni. Ukuvakashela le ndawo kungenzeka ngokuya kulolu hlelo:

• NgoMsombuluko noThathu kusukela ngo-11: 00 kuya ku-15: 00;
• NgoLwesihlanu kusukela ngo-09: 00 kuya ku-13: 00
• ngezimpelasonto - ngoLwesibili, ngoLwesine, ngoMgqibelo, ngeSonto namaholide amaJuda;
• Ithikithi lokungenisa libiza u-$ 2.32.

Amathuna angamaJuda ePrague - ukuthi angaphi lapho?

Izindlela ezifinyeleleka kakhulu:

• thatha i- metro esiteshini Staroměstská;
• Ngama-3,5,17,24,51,52,53,54,56, siya emhlanganweni wePrávnická fakulta.