Ngemuva kokuba owesifazane okhulelwe ebhalisiwe nomjozi wezifo zogciwane, kuzodingeka amhambele kanye kanye namasonto amabili. Esinye sezifundo eziphoqelekile ezenziwa ngesikhathi kuhlolwa lokho kuwukuhlolwa kwe-urinalysis . Kuthathwa lapho kubhaliswa owesifazane okhulelwe, bese kabili ngenyanga ngaphambi kokubeletha. Uma kuneziphambeko ekuhlaziyweni komchamo kowesifazane okhulelwe, ukuhlaziywa kuzodingeka kuthathwe ngenkathi yokwelapha nokulawulwa ngemva kwalo.
Kungani uhambisa ukuhlolwa komchamo kubesifazane abakhulelwe?
Kusukela ezinsukwini zokuqala, i-metabolism iyashintsha kowesifazane okhulelwe, futhi izinso zowesifazane azihlukile, ngoba ziyokhulisa umthwalo: kuyadingeka ukususa imikhiqizo enobuthi ye-metabolism hhayi kuphela kumama, kodwa futhi nangomntwana wesisu. Esikhathini sokuqala, izinguquko ekuhlaziyeni zihlobene kakhulu nokuhlelwa kabusha komzimba. Engxenyeni yesibili, umthwalo ongozinyosi ukwanda ngokuphawulekayo, kodwa isibeletho esinomntwana uvame ukucindezelwa yizigijimi, ikakhulukazi okulungile. I-urine ayinakekelwa kahle, ilula izinso futhi igxile, kanti ukunamathiswa kwesifo kuholela ekuvukeni okukhulu kwezinso. Futhi izibonakaliso zokuqala zokuphazamiseka ekusebenzeni okujwayelekile kwezinso zibonakala kuphela emiphumeleni yokuhlaziywa.
Kanjani kahle ukunikela ngokuhlaziywa komchamo?
Ukunemba kwezinkomba kuncike ngisho nasekulungiseleleni ukuhlaziywa: kusasa kudingekile ukugwema ukuvivinya ngokomzimba, ukungasebenzisi amaprotheni, i-asidi, ukudla okuneziphuzo, utshwala. Izitsha zokuhlaziywa zithathwa zihlanzekile, futhi mhlawumbe zinzalo (i-canister ingenziwa ibilisiwe ngehora). Ngaphambi kokuhlaziywa, kubalulekile ukugeza ngokuphelele izicathulo - lokhu kuzokwenza ukuthi ngabe umkhuba wamangqamuzana amhlophe egazi emcinini, amangqamuzana egazi abomvu, amabhaktheriya namaseli e-epithelial. Ukuze uhlaziywe, umchamo wokuqala wokuqoqa oqoqwe kusuka kwesigaba esiphakathi kufanelekile. Futhi ukuyisa esibhedlela kufanele kufike emahoreni amabili, ugweme ukuthuthumela nokuthuthumela ngokungadingekile.
Ukuhlolisisa abesifazane abakhulelwe kuvamile
Ngokuvamile, ekuhlaziyweni jikelele komchamo kunquma ukuthi:
- umbala womchamo (ophuzi, utshani-ophuzi);
- ukucaca;
- isisindo esithile (kusuka ku-1.010 kuya ku-1.025);
- acidity (pH kusuka 5 kuya ku 7);
- amaprotheni, ushukela - ngokuvamile engekho;
- i-leukocytes (0-5 emkhakheni wokubuka);
- I-erythrocytes (0-2 emkhakheni wokubuka);
- amaseli e-epithelial (0-5 emkhakheni wombono);
- Ama-salts, amabhaktheriya, isikhunta noma ama-parasite akufanele abe khona.
Lapho ukhulelwe, ama-indices akufanele aguquke, kodwa ukwanda kwenani lama-leukocyte kungenzeka (kuze kube ngu-6 emkhakheni wombono). Futhi uma utshelwe ukuthi ngaphezu kwalokho udlulise ukuhlolwa komzimba nge-Nechiporenko, khona-ke umkhuba we-leukocytes ekuhlaziyweni komchamo u-2000 ku-1 ml.
Kungani okuqukethwe kwama-leukocytes emcansini kwabesifazane abakhulelwe kunganda?
Ama-leukocyte angamaseli egazi, yiwo owokuqala ukuhlasela ama-microorganisms angena ngaphakathi, abambe kakhulu ngangokunokwenzeka, futhi ngaleyo ndlela avikele umzimba, futhi uma engakwazi ukusamukela amagciwane, ayafa. Ama-leukocytes emcimbini ngesikhathi ukhulelwe ukwanda nokutheleleka, ngoba lawa maseli azama ukuthola ama-microorganism amaningi ngangokunokwenzeka. Futhi ama-leukocyte amaningi ekuhlaziyweni okuningi, inqubo yokuvuvukala iyasebenza kakhulu. Ama-leukocytes emcinjini wesifazane okhulelwe akhula kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukuvuvukala - ezintsheni noma ngesinye. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kwenzeka: izinga le leukocytes emcimbini livamile, futhi kukhona ukuvuvukala ezintsheni, isizathu sokuthi isibeletho esakhulayo sivimbele izinso ezigulayo futhi umchamo ungena ngesilonda kuphela enempilo. Khona-ke izimpawu zokuvuvukala kwezinso (izinhlungu endaweni yezinso ezigulayo, ngokuvamile ukuqhuma noma ukulimaza, impilo embi, umkhuhlane) usizo lokuthola inkinga, futhi ziqinisekiswa izindlela ezengeziwe zokucwaninga ezibekwa udokotela.
Yini okufanele uyenze uma inani lamaseli amhlophe egazi emzimbeni landa?
Uma kuhlaziywa izinga le leukocyte livela ku-0 kuya ku-10, okuqukethwe okuqukethwe kwe-leukocytes emcinini -