Okukhulu kubakholwayo yisithonjana esithi "uMsindisi Ongenziwanga Ngezandla" - enye yezithombe zokuqala zama-Orthodox, lapho ubuso bukaKristu bumelelwa khona. Ukubaluleka kwalesi sithombe kufaniswa nokubethelwa. Kunezinhlu eziningana ezithunyelwe abalobi abaziwayo.
"UMsindisi Angenziwanga Ngezandla" - umlando wemvelaphi
Abantu abaningi bazibuza ukuthi isithunzi sobuso bukaKristu sivelaphi, uma kungekho lutho olushiwo ngalo eBhayibhelini, futhi ukunikeza isonto kugcine ubuncane bezincazelo zokubukeka? Umlando wesithonjana esithi "uMsindisi Ongenziwanga Ngezandla" kubonisa ukuthi imininingwane yomuntu yaziswa kumlando wesazi waseRoma u-Eusebius. Umbusi wedolobha lase-Edessa, u-Avgar, wayegula kakhulu, futhi wathumela umculi kuKristu ukubhala isithombe sakhe. Akakwazanga ukubhekana nalo msebenzi, ngoba waphuphuthekiswa yi-effulgence yaphezulu.
Khona-ke uJesu wathatha indwangu (ubrus) wayisula ubuso bakhe phezu kwabo. Isimangaliso senzeke lapha - ukushicilelwa kobuso kudluliselwe kule ndaba. Isithombe sibizwa ngokuthi "asenziwe ngezandla", ngoba asidalwanga ngezandla zomuntu. Yileyo ndlela isithonjana esibonakala ngayo esibizwa ngokuthi "uMsindisi Ongenziwanga Ngezandla". Umculi wathatha indwangu ebusweni enkosini, owathi, wayithatha ngezandla zakhe, waphulukiswa. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, isithombe senze izimangaliso eziningi futhi siqhubeka nomsebenzi kuze kube manje.
Ubani owabhala "uMsindisi Ongenziwanga Ngezandla"?
Izinhlu zokuqala zezithombe zaqala ukuvela ngokushesha ngemva kokusungulwa kobuKristu eRussia. Kukholelwa ukuthi lawa angamakhophi e-Byzantine namaGreki. Isithonjana "uMsindisi Angenziwanga Ngezandla", umlobi walo owayengumsindisi ngokwakhe, wagcinwa yiNkosi King, futhi incazelo yayo yafika kithi ngemibhalo. Kunemininingwane eminingana ebalulekile okufanele uyiqaphele lapho ucabangela isithombe:
- Okubalulekile ngeminwe yeminwe kwabekwa phezu kwesisekelo samapulangwe futhi lesi sithombe kuphela umfanekiso kaJesu njengomuntu. Kweminye imifanekiso, uKristu umelelwe noma ngezinye izimfanelo, noma enza izenzo ezithile.
- Isithombe se "uMsindisi Angenziwanga Ngezandla" sifundelwe ngokucophelela esikoleni sabalingisi bezithonjana. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kumele benze lolu hlu njengomsebenzi wabo wokuqala wokuzimela.
- Kuphela kulesisithonjana uJesu umelwe nge-nimbus yohlobo oluvaliwe, oluwuphawu lokuvumelanisa futhi lubonisa ukuqedwa kwezwe.
- Olunye ugugu olubalulekile lwesithonjana esithi "uMsindisi Angenziwanga Ngezandla" - ubuso bukaMsindisi buboniswa ngokulinganisa, kodwa kuphela amehlo ahlanjululwa kancane ohlangothini, okwenza isithombe siphile. Isithombe sinobubanzi hhayi nje ngoba sibonisa ukulinganisa kwakho konke uNkulunkulu akudalile.
- Ubuso bukaMsindisi abubonakali ubuhlungu nokuhlupheka. Ukubuka isithombe ungabona ukuthula , ukulinganisela nokukhululeka kunoma imuphi umzwelo. Amakholwa amaningi abheka ukuthi uyisithunzi sokuthi "ubuhle obuhlanzekile."
- Isithonjana sibonisa ukushuswa, kodwa izithombe azibonakali nje kuphela ikhanda, kodwa futhi namahlombe, kodwa lapha azikho. Le ncazelo ihunyushwa ngezindlela ezahlukene, ngakho-ke kukholelwa ukuthi ikhanda likhombisa ubukhulu bomphefumulo phezu komzimba, futhi luyisikhumbuzo sokuthi into esemqoka yesonto nguKristu.
- Ezimweni eziningi, ubuso buboniswa ngemuva kwezicubu ezinhlobonhlobo zamafolda. Kukhona izinketho uma i-portrait ihanjiswa ngokumelene nodonga lwezitini. Kwamanye amasiko, umkhumbi uhlala emaphikweni wezingelosi.
"UMsindisi Angenziwanga Ngezandla" U-Andrey Rublev
Umculi owaziwayo wanikeza inombolo enkulu yezimpawu emhlabeni futhi umfanekiso kaJesu Kristu wawubaluleke kakhulu kuye. Umbhali unezici zakhe ezibonakala kalula, isibonelo, ukushintshwa okulula kokukhanya emthunzini, okuphikisana ngokuphelele nokuphambene. Isithonjana esithi "uMsindisi Angenziwanga Ngezandla", esabhalwa ngu-Andrei Rublev, sigcizelela ukunambitheka okungavamile komphefumulo kaKristu, okwakusetshenziselwa ukufudumala okufudumele. Ngenxa yalokhu, isithonjana sabizwa ngokuthi "luminiferous". Isithombe esimele umculi sasihlukile kwamasiko e-Byzantine.
"UMsindisi Akenzwanga Ngezandla" USimon Ushakov
Ngo-1658, lo mdwebi wadala umsebenzi wakhe odume kakhulu - ubuso bukaJesu "uMsindisi Ongenziwanga Ngezandla". Isithonjana sabhalwa kwizindwendwe, esiseSergiev Posad. Unesayizi encane - 53x42 cm. Isithonjana sikaSimon Ushakov "UMsindisi Angenziwanga Ngezandla" sasiqoshwe esihlahleni besebenzisa i-tempera kanye nomlobi osetshenziselwa ukubhala amasu obuciko okwenziwa ngaleso sikhathi. Isithombe siqokonyiswe umdwebo ogcwele wezici zobuso nokudluliswa komthamo omnyama nokumhlophe.
Yini esiza isithonjana esithi "uMsindisi Angenziwe Ngezandla"?
Isithombe esikhulu sikaJesu Kristu singaba umvikeli othembekile wabantu, kodwa lokhu kuyadingeka ukuba uqale inkhulumomphendvulwano yomthandazo naye. Uma unesithakazelo kulokho isithonjana "uMsindisi Angenziwanga Ngezandla" sivikela, ngakho-ke kuyakudingeka ukwazi ukuthi kuvikela izifo eziningi nezinkinga ezihlukahlukene ezibhekiswe kumuntu ngaphandle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuthandaza ngaphambi kokuba isithombe sisindise umphefumulo, kubantu abaseduze nabantwana. Izikhalo eziqotho zizosiza ekuthuthukiseni inhlalakahle, ukuthola umsebenzi nokubhekana nezinkinga ezihlukahlukene zezwe.
Umthandazo "Ngisindise ubuso obuNgcwele"
Ungabhekisela esithombeni ngamazwi akho, into esemqoka ukukwenza ngenhliziyo ehlanzekile. Umthandazo olula owaziwa kuwo wonke umuntu okholwayo ngu "Baba wethu". Yanikezwa abantu nguJesu ngokwakhe ngesikhathi sokuphila kwakhe emhlabeni. Kukhona omunye umthandazo olula, "Ngisindise uMsindisi", umbhalo owethulwa ngezansi. Ufunde nsuku zonke nganoma yisiphi isikhathi lapho inhliziyo idinga khona.
U-Akathist "Ngizokusindisa Ubuso"
Ingoma yokudumisa noma i-akathist, njengoba nje umthandazo usetshenziselwa ukuphendukela eMandleni aPhakeme ukuze uthole usizo. Ingafundwa ngokuzimela ekhaya. U-Akathist "Londoloza Ubuso ObuNgcwele", umbhalo ongabe uvele ulalele, usize ukuqeda imicabango emibi, uthole ukwesekwa okungabonakali futhi ukholwe kuwe. Khumbula ukuthi ukucula kufanele kumile, ngaphandle kwamacala akhethekile (uma kunezinkinga zempilo).