Ngezinye izikhathi, uma usebenza, kungase kudingekile ukunquma ngokunembile ubukhulu benoma iyiphi ingxenye. Ngalesi sizathu, ithuluzi lendawo yonke lihloswe - i-micrometer, lapho ubude obungaphandle bendawo bubekwe ngokunemba kwe-2 μm (0.002 mm). Okulandelayo, cabanga futhi unike isibonelo sokusebenzisa i-micrometer.
Idivayisi ye-micrometer yemishini
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zama-micrometer: imishini kanye ne-electronic.
Idivayisi ye-micrometer yemishini iqala ukuba khona kwezigaba ezilandelayo:
- isithende - isitimela esimisiwe;
- isikrini se-micrometric;
- Isiqu sesitshalo esinesihlahla esiphezulu;
- isigubhu sigxile ngokuqinile esibukweni;
- i-ratchet;
- i nut ring;
- izilinganiso ezimbili.
Isikrini sijikeleza esihlahleni esinqunyiwe se-stem esiteshini. Ngosizo lwedugubhu, isikulufa singenakulinganiswa. Kungenzeka ukulungisa isikululi kunoma yisiphi isikhundla nge nut ring.
Izilinganiso ezimbili, ezitholakala kudivayisi, zihlelwe kanje. Owokuqala usezingeni futhi unenani lokuhlukanisa elingu-1 mm. Leli zinga lihlukaniswe libe izingxenye ezimbili, kanti ingxenye engezansi icutshungulwa kusuka phezulu nge-0.5 mm. Leli lungiselelo lenza kube nenqubo yokulinganisa. Emgodini ojikelezayo kunesilinganiso sesibili, esinezigaba ezingu-50 ngentengo ka-0.01 mm.
Indlela yokusebenzisa kahle i-micrometer?
Kusukela ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa, isikali sibhekwa phansi ngezikhathi ezithile, kunconywa ukuthi ithuluzi lilinganiselwe ngaphambi kwesicelo ngasinye. Yenziwa ngale ndlela elandelayo: isikulufa siphenduke ngokugcwele futhi siqinisekisiwe ukuthi ingozi enezingqimba esiteshini ihambisana nomsindo we-zero emgqumeni. Uma kungenakwenzeka, isiqu siphenduka ngekhikhi ekhethekile.
Ukuze usebenzise i-micrometer ngenhloso yokulinganisa ingxenye, isikhunta siphenduka ngokushintshanisa isigubhu ibanga elizodlula kancane usayizi wengxenye. Ingxenye okumelwe ilinganiselwe iphoqe phakathi kwesithende kanye nesikulufa. Ukuze uvimbele umonakalo engxenyeni, igoqa nge-ratchet. Kulesi simo, i-ratchet ikhiqiza umsindo ohlukile uma iqala. Bese uqinisekisa i-nut ring.
Ukuze unqume ubukhulu beyingxenye, faka ndawonye ukufundwa kwezilinganiso ezimbili (izingxenye ezimbili zesilinganiso sokuqala esiteshini kanye nesilinganiso esisodwa kumdubhu). Engxenyeni engenhla yesilinganiso se-stem, sibheka inombolo ye-mm ephelele. Uma ingozi engxenyeni engezansi ye-stem ingakwesokudla, khona-ke kubaluleka kwengxenye engenhla yesilinganiso okudingekile ukwengeza 0.5 mm. Kule nzuzo etholakalayo, sengeza ukufundwa kusuka esikalini esibhebheni, ngengozi yokuhlukanisa 0.01 mm.
Indlela yokusebenzisa kahle i-micrometer - isibonelo sesilinganiso
Cabanga ngesibonelo sokulinganisa okunembile komthamo wokugaya, ogama lakhe elilinganiselwa ku-5.8 mm. I-drill igxiliwe phakathi kwe-stop fixed kanye nesikulufa usebenzisa i-ratchet. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukufundwa kwedivayisi kwenziwa.
Bheka phezulu kwesilinganiso esiteshini. Inani layo lizoba ngu-5 mm. Sinquma isimo sezingozi ezibonakalayo ezingxenyeni ezingezansi zesilinganiso se-stem. Kuyoba ngakwesokudla, ngakho-ke
Okulandelayo, bheka isibalo esibhebheni, esisikhombisa inani le-0.28 mm. Engeza le datha esikalini se-stem bese uthola 5.5 mm + 0.28 mm = 5.78 mm.
Ububanzi obuqondile be-drill bayoba ngu-5.78 mm.
Ngakho-ke, i-micrometer yedivayisi izokusiza ukuba ulinganise into noma inxenye ngokulingana okuphezulu. Uma ungenayo ngokwanele ubukhulu obungasithola ngombusi noma umqaphi , unethuba lokuqhuba isilinganiso usebenzisa i-micrometer futhi uthole ukulingana ngokunemba kwe-0.002 mm.