Emibuthanweni yesayensi kuze kube yilolu suku baphikisana ngokuthi yimaphi amadolobha asendulo kunawo onke aseRussia , futhi yiyiphi phakathi kwabo eyokuqala. Insika yesibambiso ihlukaniswe phakathi kwamadolobha amathathu eRussian Federation: Derbent, Veliky Novgorod no-Staraya Ladoga. Qonda lokhu akulula, ngoba inguqulo ngayinye inezimpikiswano ezingenakuphikwa. Emadolobheni amakhulu kunazo zonke aseRussia ukucwaningwa kwenziwa kuze kube namuhla ukuthola ubufakazi bokuzalwa kwedolobha. I-Old Ladoga idolobha, isifundo esasanda kuqalwa, ngakho-ke kusencane kakhulu ukuqeda incazelo yedolobha elidala kunazo zonke eRussia.
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Derbent
Itholakala eningizimu yeDagestan futhi iyingxenye yeRussian Federation. Izingcaphuno zokuqala ezibhalwe ngesandla ezitholakala ngokuthi kungenzeka ukuthi uDerbent uyidolobha elidala kunazo zonke eRussia lilotshwe yi-Hecataeus Miletus, geographer odumile kakhulu wesikhathi esidala. Bhekisela ekupheleni kwesigidi sesine leminyaka BC lapho kufika khona izindawo zokuqala.
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Igama elithi "Derbent" livela egameni elithi "Darband", okusho "amasango amancane" okuvela olimini lwesiPersia. Phela, umuzi usezindaweni ezixhuma uLwandle lweCaspian nezintaba zaseCaucasus, umzila omncane, obizwa ngokuthi "i-Dagestan corridor". Ezikhathini zasendulo kwakuyingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu eMgwaqweni omkhulu we-Silk, ongenakugxila kakhulu.
Ukuze ube nalesi sigodi somzila wokuhweba, izimpi ezichitha igazi ziye zahlaselwa njalo, futhi ngenxa yokuba khona kwalo lonke idolobha liye labhujiswa izikhathi eziningi emhlabathini, futhi liphinde lazalwa futhi, izikhathi eziningi. Kodwa naphezu kokubhujiswa kukaDerbent, eziningi zezikhumbuzo zomlando nezakhiwo zesikhathi esidlule ziye zagcinwa.
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Lapha yakha imyuziyamu yezakhiwo zomlando, esendaweni evikelwe. Ihlanganisa inqaba edumile yaseNaryn-Kala, eyamakhulu eminyaka ivikela idolobha kusukela ekuhlaselweni kwezitha. Inqaba ilula ngamakhilomitha angamashumi amane, futhi yisona sodwa lesikhumbuzo esasinda ezinsukwini zethu.
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Endaweni yesigceme kukhona izindawo zokungcwaba zasendulo, lapho ungabona khona amatshe amathuna asaphila enemibhalo ebhalwe phansi kusukela eminyakeni engu-7-8.
I-Old Town nayo yonke izakhiwo zomlando ibhekwa njengeGugu Lomhlaba ka-UNESCO.
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Veliky Novgorod
Izakhamuzi zaseNovogorod nezinye izazi-mlando zikholelwa ukuthi yi- Novgorod the Great eyona idolobha elidala kunazo zonke eRussia. Futhi le nguqulo inesizathu ngasinye salokhu, ngoba uqale indaba yakhe ngo-859. Lapha, kusukela e-Kievan Rus, amaRussia alethwa ebuKristwini, okwaba yinkolo yenkolo. Lapha ekhulwini le-10 ibandla lesikhuni likaSanta Sophia we-Wisdom of God lakhiwa, elakhiwe ngezindlu eziyishumi nantathu. Lesi senzakalo esingavamile sichazwa iqiniso lokuthi umbono wangaphambili wama-idolatrous world view washaywa ekwakhiweni kwesonto.
I-Novgorod yaba ngemva kwalesi sikhungo sobuKristu eRussia kanye nesihlalo sabafundisi bazo zonke izigaba.
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I-Kremlin endala kunazo zonke kunazo zonke eRussia ikhona lapho. Uma kuqhathaniswa noDerbent, i-Veliky Novgorod inosuku olucacile nolokhonkolo lokubukeka, hhayi nje kuphela ikhulu lapho kuqalwe khona ukulandelana kwesikhathi. Futhi, iqiniso elingenakuphikwa ukuthi i-Novgorod yayihlala isiRussia, ngokungafani neDerbent, eyayihlanganiswa neRussia Federation, futhi inabantu abangaba ngu-5% baseRussia.
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I-Old Ladoga
Lona engaziwa kakhulu yizazi-mlando kanye nabavubukuli edolobheni, kodwa futhi lithi ungumdala kunabo bonke eRussia. Kule nguqulo, izazi-mlando eziningi kakhulu zitholakale esikhathini sakamuva. Kukhona ama-gravestones lapho unyaka unyaka ka-921. Kodwa okushiwo okokuqala kutholakala emibhalweni esuka ku-862. Kusukela ekuqaleni kwekhulu lesishiyagalolunye, lapha yasungulwa ichweba, lapho kuhweba khona amaSlav, nabantu baseScandinavia. Manje izimboni ezinkulu zisendleleni zokuqinisekisa isimo sedolobha elidala kunazo zonke eRussia.
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